Merge pull request #916 from navaronbracke/mobile_scanner_platform_interface

feat: Mobile scanner platform interface

@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ jobs:
       - uses: subosito/flutter-action@v2.12.0
       - uses: subosito/flutter-action@v2.12.0
         with:
         with:
           cache: true
           cache: true
-          flutter-version: '3.13'
+          flutter-version: '3.19'
           channel: 'stable'
           channel: 'stable'
       - name: Version
       - name: Version
         run: flutter doctor -v
         run: flutter doctor -v

+## 5.0.0-beta.1
+
+**BREAKING CHANGES:**
+
+* Flutter 3.19.0 is now required.
+* The `width` and `height` of `BarcodeCapture` have been removed, in favor of `size`.
+* The `raw` attribute is now `Object?` instead of `dynamic`, so that it participates in type promotion.
+* The `MobileScannerArguments` class has been removed from the public API, as it is an internal type.
+* The `cameraFacingOverride` named argument for the `start()` method has been renamed to `cameraDirection`.
+* The `analyzeImage` function now correctly returns a `BarcodeCapture?` instead of a boolean.
+* The `formats` attribute of the `MobileScannerController` is now non-null.
+* The `MobileScannerState` enum has been renamed to `MobileScannerAuthorizationState`.
+* The various `ValueNotifier`s for the camera state have been removed. Use the `value` of the `MobileScannerController` instead.
+* The `hasTorch` getter has been removed. Instead, use the torch state of the controller's value.
+  The `TorchState` enum now provides a new value for unavailable flashlights.
+* The `autoStart` attribute has been removed from the `MobileScannerController`. The controller should be manually started on-demand.  
+* A controller is now required for the `MobileScanner` widget.
+* The  `onPermissionSet`, `onStart` and `onScannerStarted` methods have been removed from the `MobileScanner` widget. Instead, await `MobileScannerController.start()`.
+* The `startDelay` has been removed from the `MobileScanner` widget. Instead, use a delay between manual starts of one or more controllers.
+* The `onDetect` method has been removed from the `MobileScanner` widget. Instead, listen to `MobileScannerController.barcodes` directly.
+* The `overlay` widget of the `MobileScanner` has been replaced by a new property, `overlayBuilder`, which provides the constraints for the overlay.
+* The torch can no longer be toggled on the web, as this is only available for image tracks and not video tracks. As a result the torch state for the web will always be `TorchState.unavailable`.
+* The zoom scale can no longer be modified on the web, as this is only available for image tracks and not video tracks. As a result, the zoom scale will always be `1.0`.
+
+Improvements:
+* The `MobileScannerController` is now a ChangeNotifier, with `MobileScannerState` as its model.
+* The web implementation now supports alternate URLs for loading the barcode library.
+
 ## 4.0.1
 ## 4.0.1
 Bugs fixed:
 Bugs fixed:
 * [iOS] Fixed a crash with a nil capture session when starting the camera. (thanks @navaronbracke !)
 * [iOS] Fixed a crash with a nil capture session when starting the camera. (thanks @navaronbracke !)
 
 
 ## 4.0.0
 ## 4.0.0
-BREAKING CHANGES:
+
+**BREAKING CHANGES:**
+
 * [Android] compileSdk has been upgraded to version 34.
 * [Android] compileSdk has been upgraded to version 34.
 * [Android] Java version has been upgraded to version 17.
 * [Android] Java version has been upgraded to version 17.
 
 
@@ -186,7 +216,8 @@ Deprecated:
 * The `onStart` method has been renamed to `onScannerStarted`.
 * The `onStart` method has been renamed to `onScannerStarted`.
 * The `onPermissionSet` argument of the `MobileScannerController` is now deprecated.
 * The `onPermissionSet` argument of the `MobileScannerController` is now deprecated.
 
 
-Breaking changes:
+**BREAKING CHANGES:**
+
 * `MobileScannerException` now uses an `errorCode` instead of a `message`.
 * `MobileScannerException` now uses an `errorCode` instead of a `message`.
 * `MobileScannerException` now contains additional details from the original error.
 * `MobileScannerException` now contains additional details from the original error.
 * Refactored `MobileScannerController.start()` to throw `MobileScannerException`s
 * Refactored `MobileScannerController.start()` to throw `MobileScannerException`s
@@ -223,7 +254,9 @@ Fixes:
 * [iOS] Fix crash when changing torch state
 * [iOS] Fix crash when changing torch state
   
   
 ## 3.0.0-beta.2
 ## 3.0.0-beta.2
-Breaking changes:
+
+**BREAKING CHANGES:**
+
 * The arguments parameter of onDetect is removed. The data is now returned by the onStart callback
 * The arguments parameter of onDetect is removed. The data is now returned by the onStart callback
 in the MobileScanner widget.
 in the MobileScanner widget.
 * onDetect now returns the object BarcodeCapture, which contains a List of barcodes and, if enabled, an image.
 * onDetect now returns the object BarcodeCapture, which contains a List of barcodes and, if enabled, an image.
@@ -243,7 +276,9 @@ Other improvements:
 * [iOS] Updated POD dependencies
 * [iOS] Updated POD dependencies
 
 
 ## 3.0.0-beta.1
 ## 3.0.0-beta.1
-Breaking changes:
+
+**BREAKING CHANGES:**
+
 * [Android] SDK updated to SDK 33.
 * [Android] SDK updated to SDK 33.
 
 
 Features:
 Features:
@@ -259,7 +294,9 @@ Other changes:
 * Several minor code improvements
 * Several minor code improvements
 
 
 ## 2.0.0
 ## 2.0.0
-Breaking changes:
+
+**BREAKING CHANGES:**
+
 This version is only compatible with flutter 3.0.0 and later.
 This version is only compatible with flutter 3.0.0 and later.
 
 
 ## 1.1.2-play-services
 ## 1.1.2-play-services
@@ -293,7 +330,9 @@ Bugfixes:
 * Upgraded several dependencies.
 * Upgraded several dependencies.
 
 
 ## 1.0.0
 ## 1.0.0
-BREAKING CHANGES:
+
+**BREAKING CHANGES:**
+
 This version adds a new allowDuplicates option which now defaults to FALSE. this means that it will only call onDetect once after a scan.
 This version adds a new allowDuplicates option which now defaults to FALSE. this means that it will only call onDetect once after a scan.
 If you still want duplicates, you can set allowDuplicates to true.
 If you still want duplicates, you can set allowDuplicates to true.
 This also means that you don't have to check for duplicates yourself anymore.
 This also means that you don't have to check for duplicates yourself anymore.

@@ -7,17 +7,15 @@
 
 
 A universal scanner for Flutter based on MLKit. Uses CameraX on Android and AVFoundation on iOS.
 A universal scanner for Flutter based on MLKit. Uses CameraX on Android and AVFoundation on iOS.
 
 
-
 ## Features Supported
 ## Features Supported
 
 
 See the example app for detailed implementation information.
 See the example app for detailed implementation information.
 
 
 | Features               | Android            | iOS                | macOS                | Web |
 | Features               | Android            | iOS                | macOS                | Web |
-|------------------------|--------------------|--------------------|-------|-----|
+|------------------------|--------------------|--------------------|----------------------|-----|
 | analyzeImage (Gallery) | :heavy_check_mark: | :heavy_check_mark: | :x:                  | :x: |
 | analyzeImage (Gallery) | :heavy_check_mark: | :heavy_check_mark: | :x:                  | :x: |
 | returnImage            | :heavy_check_mark: | :heavy_check_mark: | :x:                  | :x: |
 | returnImage            | :heavy_check_mark: | :heavy_check_mark: | :x:                  | :x: |
-| scanWindow             | :heavy_check_mark: | :heavy_check_mark: | :x:   | :x: |
-| barcodeOverlay         | :heavy_check_mark: | :heavy_check_mark: | :x:   | :x: |
+| scanWindow             | :heavy_check_mark: | :heavy_check_mark: | :heavy_check_mark:   | :x: |
 
 
 ## Platform Support
 ## Platform Support
 
 
@@ -26,6 +24,7 @@ See the example app for detailed implementation information.
 | ✔       | ✔   | ✔     | ✔   | :x:   | :x:     |
 | ✔       | ✔   | ✔     | ✔   | :x:   | :x:     |
 
 
 ## Platform specific setup
 ## Platform specific setup
+
 ### Android
 ### Android
 This package uses by default the **bundled version** of MLKit Barcode-scanning for Android. This version is immediately available to the device. But it will increase the size of the app by approximately 3 to 10 MB.
 This package uses by default the **bundled version** of MLKit Barcode-scanning for Android. This version is immediately available to the device. But it will increase the size of the app by approximately 3 to 10 MB.
 
 
@@ -61,194 +60,110 @@ Ensure that you granted camera permission in XCode -> Signing & Capabilities:
 <img width="696" alt="Screenshot of XCode where Camera is checked" src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/24459435/193464115-d76f81d0-6355-4cb2-8bee-538e413a3ad0.png">
 <img width="696" alt="Screenshot of XCode where Camera is checked" src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/24459435/193464115-d76f81d0-6355-4cb2-8bee-538e413a3ad0.png">
 
 
 ## Web
 ## Web
-This package uses ZXing on web to read barcodes so it needs to be included in `index.html` as script.
-```html
-<script src="https://unpkg.com/@zxing/library@0.19.1" type="application/javascript"></script>
-```
-
-## Usage
-
-Import `package:mobile_scanner/mobile_scanner.dart`, and use the widget with or without the controller.
 
 
-If you don't provide a controller, you can't control functions like the torch(flash) or switching camera.
+As of version 5.0.0 adding the library to the `index.html` is no longer required,
+as the library is automatically loaded on first use.
 
 
-If you don't set `detectionSpeed` to `DetectionSpeed.noDuplicates`, you can get multiple scans in a very short time, causing things like pop() to fire lots of times.
+### Providing a mirror for the barcode scanning library
 
 
-Example without controller:
+If a different mirror is needed to load the barcode scanning library,
+the source URL can be set beforehand.
 
 
 ```dart
 ```dart
+import 'package:flutter/foundation.dart';
 import 'package:mobile_scanner/mobile_scanner.dart';
 import 'package:mobile_scanner/mobile_scanner.dart';
 
 
-  @override
-  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
-    return Scaffold(
-      appBar: AppBar(title: const Text('Mobile Scanner')),
-      body: MobileScanner(
-        // fit: BoxFit.contain,
-        onDetect: (capture) {
-          final List<Barcode> barcodes = capture.barcodes;
-          final Uint8List? image = capture.image;
-          for (final barcode in barcodes) {
-            debugPrint('Barcode found! ${barcode.rawValue}');
-          }
-        },
-      ),
-    );
-  }
+final String scriptUrl = // ...
+
+if (kIsWeb) {
+  MobileScannerPlatform.instance.setBarcodeLibraryScriptUrl(scriptUrl);
+}
 ```
 ```
 
 
-Example with controller and initial values:
+## Usage
+
+Import the package with `package:mobile_scanner/mobile_scanner.dart`.
+
+Create a new `MobileScannerController` controller, using the required options.
+Provide a `StreamSubscription` for the barcode events.
 
 
 ```dart
 ```dart
-import 'package:mobile_scanner/mobile_scanner.dart';
+final MobileScannerController controller = MobileScannerController(
+  // required options for the scanner
+);
 
 
-  @override
-  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
-    return Scaffold(
-      appBar: AppBar(title: const Text('Mobile Scanner')),
-      body: MobileScanner(
-        // fit: BoxFit.contain,
-        controller: MobileScannerController(
-          detectionSpeed: DetectionSpeed.normal,
-          facing: CameraFacing.front,
-          torchEnabled: true,
-        ),
-        onDetect: (capture) {
-          final List<Barcode> barcodes = capture.barcodes;
-          final Uint8List? image = capture.image;
-          for (final barcode in barcodes) {
-            debugPrint('Barcode found! ${barcode.rawValue}');
-          }
-        },
-      ),
-    );
-  }
+StreamSubscription<Object?>? _subscription;
 ```
 ```
 
 
-Example with controller and torch & camera controls:
+Ensure that your `State` class mixes in `WidgetsBindingObserver`, to handle lifecyle changes:
 
 
 ```dart
 ```dart
-import 'package:mobile_scanner/mobile_scanner.dart';
-
-  MobileScannerController cameraController = MobileScannerController();
+class MyState extends State<MyStatefulWidget> with WidgetsBindingObserver {
+  // ...
 
 
   @override
   @override
-  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
-    return Scaffold(
-        appBar: AppBar(
-          title: const Text('Mobile Scanner'),
-          actions: [
-            IconButton(
-              color: Colors.white,
-              icon: ValueListenableBuilder(
-                valueListenable: cameraController.torchState,
-                builder: (context, state, child) {
-                  switch (state as TorchState) {
-                    case TorchState.off:
-                      return const Icon(Icons.flash_off, color: Colors.grey);
-                    case TorchState.on:
-                      return const Icon(Icons.flash_on, color: Colors.yellow);
-                  }
-                },
-              ),
-              iconSize: 32.0,
-              onPressed: () => cameraController.toggleTorch(),
-            ),
-            IconButton(
-              color: Colors.white,
-              icon: ValueListenableBuilder(
-                valueListenable: cameraController.cameraFacingState,
-                builder: (context, state, child) {
-                  switch (state as CameraFacing) {
-                    case CameraFacing.front:
-                      return const Icon(Icons.camera_front);
-                    case CameraFacing.back:
-                      return const Icon(Icons.camera_rear);
+  void didChangeAppLifecycleState(AppLifecycleState state) {
+    super.didChangeAppLifecycleState(state);
+
+    switch (state) {
+      case AppLifecycleState.detached:
+      case AppLifecycleState.hidden:
+      case AppLifecycleState.paused:
+        return;
+      case AppLifecycleState.resumed:
+        // Restart the scanner when the app is resumed.
+        // Don't forget to resume listening to the barcode events.
+        _subscription = controller.barcodes.listen(_handleBarcode);
+
+        unawaited(controller.start());
+      case AppLifecycleState.inactive:
+        // Stop the scanner when the app is paused.
+        // Also stop the barcode events subscription.
+        unawaited(_subscription?.cancel());
+        _subscription = null;
+        unawaited(controller.stop());
     }
     }
-                },
-              ),
-              iconSize: 32.0,
-              onPressed: () => cameraController.switchCamera(),
-            ),
-          ],
-        ),
-        body: MobileScanner(
-          // fit: BoxFit.contain,
-          controller: cameraController,
-          onDetect: (capture) {
-            final List<Barcode> barcodes = capture.barcodes;
-            final Uint8List? image = capture.image;
-            for (final barcode in barcodes) {
-              debugPrint('Barcode found! ${barcode.rawValue}');
-            }
-          },
-        ),
-    );
   }
   }
+
+  // ...
+}
 ```
 ```
 
 
-Example with controller and returning images
+Then, start the scanner in `void initState()`:
 
 
 ```dart
 ```dart
-import 'package:mobile_scanner/mobile_scanner.dart';
+@override
+void initState() {
+  super.initState();
+  // Start listening to lifecycle changes.
+  WidgetsBinding.instance.addObserver(this);
+
+  // Start listening to the barcode events.
+  _subscription = controller.barcodes.listen(_handleBarcode);
+
+  // Finally, start the scanner itself.
+  unawaited(controller.start());
+}
+```
 
 
-  @override
-  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
-    return Scaffold(
-      appBar: AppBar(title: const Text('Mobile Scanner')),
-      body: MobileScanner(
-        fit: BoxFit.contain,
-        controller: MobileScannerController(
-          // facing: CameraFacing.back,
-          // torchEnabled: false,
-          returnImage: true,
-        ),
-        onDetect: (capture) {
-          final List<Barcode> barcodes = capture.barcodes;
-          final Uint8List? image = capture.image;
-          for (final barcode in barcodes) {
-            debugPrint('Barcode found! ${barcode.rawValue}');
-          }
-          if (image != null) {
-            showDialog(
-              context: context,
-              builder: (context) =>
-                  Image(image: MemoryImage(image)),
-            );
-            Future.delayed(const Duration(seconds: 5), () {
-              Navigator.pop(context);
-            });
-          }
-        },
-      ),
-    );
-  }
+Finally, dispose of the the `MobileScannerController` when you are done with it.
+
+```dart
+@override
+Future<void> dispose() async {
+  // Stop listening to lifecycle changes.
+  WidgetsBinding.instance.removeObserver(this);
+  // Stop listening to the barcode events.
+  unawaited(_subscription?.cancel());
+  _subscription = null;
+  // Dispose the widget itself.
+  super.dispose();
+  // Finally, dispose of the controller.
+  await controller.dispose();
+}
 ```
 ```
 
 
-### BarcodeCapture
-
-The onDetect function returns a BarcodeCapture objects which contains the following items.
-
-| Property name | Type          | Description                       |
-|---------------|---------------|-----------------------------------|
-| barcodes      | List<Barcode> | A list with scanned barcodes.     |
-| image         | Uint8List?    | If enabled, an image of the scan. |
-
-You can use the following properties of the Barcode object.
-
-| Property name | Type           | Description                         |
-|---------------|----------------|-------------------------------------|
-| format        | BarcodeFormat  |                                     |
-| rawBytes      | Uint8List?     | binary scan result                  |
-| rawValue      | String?        | Value if barcode is in UTF-8 format |
-| displayValue  | String?        |                                     |
-| type          | BarcodeType    |                                     |
-| calendarEvent | CalendarEvent? |                                     |
-| contactInfo   | ContactInfo?   |                                     |
-| driverLicense | DriverLicense? |                                     |
-| email         | Email?         |                                     |
-| geoPoint      | GeoPoint?      |                                     |
-| phone         | Phone?         |                                     |
-| sms           | SMS?           |                                     |
-| url           | UrlBookmark?   |                                     |
-| wifi          | WiFi?          | WiFi Access-Point details           |
+To display the camera preview, pass the controller to a `MobileScanner` widget.
+
+See the examples for runnable examples of various usages,
+such as the basic usage, applying a scan window, or retrieving images from the barcodes.

@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ class MobileScanner(
         scanner.process(inputImage)
         scanner.process(inputImage)
             .addOnSuccessListener { barcodes ->
             .addOnSuccessListener { barcodes ->
                 if (detectionSpeed == DetectionSpeed.NO_DUPLICATES) {
                 if (detectionSpeed == DetectionSpeed.NO_DUPLICATES) {
-                    val newScannedBarcodes = barcodes.mapNotNull({ barcode -> barcode.rawValue }).sorted()
+                    val newScannedBarcodes = barcodes.mapNotNull { barcode -> barcode.rawValue }.sorted()
                     if (newScannedBarcodes == lastScanned) {
                     if (newScannedBarcodes == lastScanned) {
                         // New scanned is duplicate, returning
                         // New scanned is duplicate, returning
                         return@addOnSuccessListener
                         return@addOnSuccessListener
@@ -424,7 +424,7 @@ class MobileScanner(
     /**
     /**
      * Analyze a single image.
      * Analyze a single image.
      */
      */
-    fun analyzeImage(image: Uri, analyzerCallback: AnalyzerCallback) {
+    fun analyzeImage(image: Uri, onSuccess: AnalyzerSuccessCallback, onError: AnalyzerErrorCallback) {
         val inputImage = InputImage.fromFilePath(activity, image)
         val inputImage = InputImage.fromFilePath(activity, image)
 
 
         scanner.process(inputImage)
         scanner.process(inputImage)
@@ -432,15 +432,13 @@ class MobileScanner(
                 val barcodeMap = barcodes.map { barcode -> barcode.data }
                 val barcodeMap = barcodes.map { barcode -> barcode.data }
 
 
                 if (barcodeMap.isNotEmpty()) {
                 if (barcodeMap.isNotEmpty()) {
-                    analyzerCallback(barcodeMap)
+                    onSuccess(barcodeMap)
                 } else {
                 } else {
-                    analyzerCallback(null)
+                    onSuccess(null)
                 }
                 }
             }
             }
             .addOnFailureListener { e ->
             .addOnFailureListener { e ->
-                mobileScannerErrorCallback(
-                    e.localizedMessage ?: e.toString()
-                )
+                onError(e.localizedMessage ?: e.toString())
             }
             }
     }
     }
 
 

@@ -3,7 +3,8 @@ package dev.steenbakker.mobile_scanner
 import dev.steenbakker.mobile_scanner.objects.MobileScannerStartParameters
 import dev.steenbakker.mobile_scanner.objects.MobileScannerStartParameters
 
 
 typealias MobileScannerCallback = (barcodes: List<Map<String, Any?>>, image: ByteArray?, width: Int?, height: Int?) -> Unit
 typealias MobileScannerCallback = (barcodes: List<Map<String, Any?>>, image: ByteArray?, width: Int?, height: Int?) -> Unit
-typealias AnalyzerCallback = (barcodes: List<Map<String, Any?>>?) -> Unit
+typealias AnalyzerErrorCallback = (message: String) -> Unit
+typealias AnalyzerSuccessCallback = (barcodes: List<Map<String, Any?>>?) -> Unit
 typealias MobileScannerErrorCallback = (error: String) -> Unit
 typealias MobileScannerErrorCallback = (error: String) -> Unit
 typealias TorchStateCallback = (state: Int) -> Unit
 typealias TorchStateCallback = (state: Int) -> Unit
 typealias ZoomScaleStateCallback = (zoomScale: Double) -> Unit
 typealias ZoomScaleStateCallback = (zoomScale: Double) -> Unit

@@ -26,16 +26,19 @@ class MobileScannerHandler(
     private val addPermissionListener: (RequestPermissionsResultListener) -> Unit,
     private val addPermissionListener: (RequestPermissionsResultListener) -> Unit,
     textureRegistry: TextureRegistry): MethodChannel.MethodCallHandler {
     textureRegistry: TextureRegistry): MethodChannel.MethodCallHandler {
 
 
-    private val analyzerCallback: AnalyzerCallback = { barcodes: List<Map<String, Any?>>?->
-        if (barcodes != null) {
-            barcodeHandler.publishEvent(mapOf(
-                "name" to "barcode",
-                "data" to barcodes
-            ))
+    private val analyzeImageErrorCallback: AnalyzerErrorCallback = {
+        Handler(Looper.getMainLooper()).post {
+            analyzerResult?.error("MobileScanner", it, null)
+            analyzerResult = null
+        }
     }
     }
 
 
+    private val analyzeImageSuccessCallback: AnalyzerSuccessCallback = {
         Handler(Looper.getMainLooper()).post {
         Handler(Looper.getMainLooper()).post {
-            analyzerResult?.success(barcodes != null)
+            analyzerResult?.success(mapOf(
+                "name" to "barcode",
+                "data" to it
+            ))
             analyzerResult = null
             analyzerResult = null
         }
         }
     }
     }
@@ -236,7 +239,8 @@ class MobileScannerHandler(
     private fun analyzeImage(call: MethodCall, result: MethodChannel.Result) {
     private fun analyzeImage(call: MethodCall, result: MethodChannel.Result) {
         analyzerResult = result
         analyzerResult = result
         val uri = Uri.fromFile(File(call.arguments.toString()))
         val uri = Uri.fromFile(File(call.arguments.toString()))
-        mobileScanner!!.analyzeImage(uri, analyzerCallback)
+
+        mobileScanner!!.analyzeImage(uri, analyzeImageSuccessCallback, analyzeImageErrorCallback)
     }
     }
 
 
     private fun toggleTorch(call: MethodCall, result: MethodChannel.Result) {
     private fun toggleTorch(call: MethodCall, result: MethodChannel.Result) {
@@ -265,7 +269,7 @@ class MobileScannerHandler(
     }
     }
 
 
     private fun updateScanWindow(call: MethodCall, result: MethodChannel.Result) {
     private fun updateScanWindow(call: MethodCall, result: MethodChannel.Result) {
-        mobileScanner!!.scanWindow = call.argument<List<Float>?>("rect")
+        mobileScanner?.scanWindow = call.argument<List<Float>?>("rect")
 
 
         result.success(null)
         result.success(null)
     }
     }

-import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
-import 'package:image_picker/image_picker.dart';
-import 'package:mobile_scanner/mobile_scanner.dart';
-import 'package:mobile_scanner_example/scanner_error_widget.dart';
-
-class BarcodeListScannerWithController extends StatefulWidget {
-  const BarcodeListScannerWithController({super.key});
-
-  @override
-  State<BarcodeListScannerWithController> createState() =>
-      _BarcodeListScannerWithControllerState();
-}
-
-class _BarcodeListScannerWithControllerState
-    extends State<BarcodeListScannerWithController>
-    with SingleTickerProviderStateMixin {
-  BarcodeCapture? barcodeCapture;
-
-  final MobileScannerController controller = MobileScannerController(
-    torchEnabled: true,
-    // formats: [BarcodeFormat.qrCode]
-    // facing: CameraFacing.front,
-    // detectionSpeed: DetectionSpeed.normal
-    // detectionTimeoutMs: 1000,
-    // returnImage: false,
-  );
-
-  bool isStarted = true;
-
-  void _startOrStop() {
-    try {
-      if (isStarted) {
-        controller.stop();
-      } else {
-        controller.start();
-      }
-      setState(() {
-        isStarted = !isStarted;
-      });
-    } on Exception catch (e) {
-      ScaffoldMessenger.of(context).showSnackBar(
-        SnackBar(
-          content: Text('Something went wrong! $e'),
-          backgroundColor: Colors.red,
-        ),
-      );
-    }
-  }
-
-  @override
-  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
-    return Scaffold(
-      appBar: AppBar(title: const Text('With ValueListenableBuilder')),
-      backgroundColor: Colors.black,
-      body: Builder(
-        builder: (context) {
-          return Stack(
-            children: [
-              MobileScanner(
-                controller: controller,
-                errorBuilder: (context, error, child) {
-                  return ScannerErrorWidget(error: error);
-                },
-                fit: BoxFit.contain,
-                onDetect: (barcodeCapture) {
-                  setState(() {
-                    this.barcodeCapture = barcodeCapture;
-                  });
-                },
-                onScannerStarted: (arguments) {
-                  // Do something with arguments.
-                },
-              ),
-              Align(
-                alignment: Alignment.bottomCenter,
-                child: Container(
-                  alignment: Alignment.bottomCenter,
-                  height: 100,
-                  color: Colors.black.withOpacity(0.4),
-                  child: Row(
-                    mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.spaceEvenly,
-                    children: [
-                      IconButton(
-                        color: Colors.white,
-                        icon: ValueListenableBuilder<TorchState>(
-                          valueListenable: controller.torchState,
-                          builder: (context, state, child) {
-                            switch (state) {
-                              case TorchState.off:
-                                return const Icon(
-                                  Icons.flash_off,
-                                  color: Colors.grey,
-                                );
-                              case TorchState.on:
-                                return const Icon(
-                                  Icons.flash_on,
-                                  color: Colors.yellow,
-                                );
-                            }
-                          },
-                        ),
-                        iconSize: 32.0,
-                        onPressed: () => controller.toggleTorch(),
-                      ),
-                      IconButton(
-                        color: Colors.white,
-                        icon: isStarted
-                            ? const Icon(Icons.stop)
-                            : const Icon(Icons.play_arrow),
-                        iconSize: 32.0,
-                        onPressed: _startOrStop,
-                      ),
-                      Center(
-                        child: SizedBox(
-                          width: MediaQuery.of(context).size.width - 200,
-                          height: 50,
-                          child: FittedBox(
-                            child: Text(
-                              '${barcodeCapture?.barcodes.map((e) => e.rawValue) ?? 'Scan something!'}',
-                              overflow: TextOverflow.fade,
-                              style: Theme.of(context)
-                                  .textTheme
-                                  .headlineMedium!
-                                  .copyWith(color: Colors.white),
-                            ),
-                          ),
-                        ),
-                      ),
-                      IconButton(
-                        color: Colors.white,
-                        icon: ValueListenableBuilder<CameraFacing>(
-                          valueListenable: controller.cameraFacingState,
-                          builder: (context, state, child) {
-                            switch (state) {
-                              case CameraFacing.front:
-                                return const Icon(Icons.camera_front);
-                              case CameraFacing.back:
-                                return const Icon(Icons.camera_rear);
-                            }
-                          },
-                        ),
-                        iconSize: 32.0,
-                        onPressed: () => controller.switchCamera(),
-                      ),
-                      IconButton(
-                        color: Colors.white,
-                        icon: const Icon(Icons.image),
-                        iconSize: 32.0,
-                        onPressed: () async {
-                          final ImagePicker picker = ImagePicker();
-                          // Pick an image
-                          final XFile? image = await picker.pickImage(
-                            source: ImageSource.gallery,
-                          );
-                          if (image != null) {
-                            if (await controller.analyzeImage(image.path)) {
-                              if (!context.mounted) return;
-                              ScaffoldMessenger.of(context).showSnackBar(
-                                const SnackBar(
-                                  content: Text('Barcode found!'),
-                                  backgroundColor: Colors.green,
-                                ),
-                              );
-                            } else {
-                              if (!context.mounted) return;
-                              ScaffoldMessenger.of(context).showSnackBar(
-                                const SnackBar(
-                                  content: Text('No barcode found!'),
-                                  backgroundColor: Colors.red,
-                                ),
-                              );
-                            }
-                          }
-                        },
-                      ),
-                    ],
-                  ),
-                ),
-              ),
-            ],
-          );
-        },
-      ),
-    );
-  }
-
-  @override
-  void dispose() {
-    controller.dispose();
-    super.dispose();
-  }
-}

+import 'dart:async';
+
 import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
 import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
-import 'package:image_picker/image_picker.dart';
 import 'package:mobile_scanner/mobile_scanner.dart';
 import 'package:mobile_scanner/mobile_scanner.dart';
+import 'package:mobile_scanner_example/scanner_button_widgets.dart';
 import 'package:mobile_scanner_example/scanner_error_widget.dart';
 import 'package:mobile_scanner_example/scanner_error_widget.dart';
 
 
 class BarcodeScannerWithController extends StatefulWidget {
 class BarcodeScannerWithController extends StatefulWidget {
@@ -12,10 +14,7 @@ class BarcodeScannerWithController extends StatefulWidget {
 }
 }
 
 
 class _BarcodeScannerWithControllerState
 class _BarcodeScannerWithControllerState
-    extends State<BarcodeScannerWithController>
-    with SingleTickerProviderStateMixin {
-  BarcodeCapture? barcode;
-
+    extends State<BarcodeScannerWithController> with WidgetsBindingObserver {
   final MobileScannerController controller = MobileScannerController(
   final MobileScannerController controller = MobileScannerController(
     torchEnabled: true, useNewCameraSelector: true,
     torchEnabled: true, useNewCameraSelector: true,
     // formats: [BarcodeFormat.qrCode]
     // formats: [BarcodeFormat.qrCode]
@@ -25,56 +24,76 @@ class _BarcodeScannerWithControllerState
     // returnImage: false,
     // returnImage: false,
   );
   );
 
 
-  bool isStarted = true;
+  Barcode? _barcode;
+  StreamSubscription<Object?>? _subscription;
+
+  Widget _buildBarcode(Barcode? value) {
+    if (value == null) {
+      return const Text(
+        'Scan something!',
+        overflow: TextOverflow.fade,
+        style: TextStyle(color: Colors.white),
+      );
+    }
 
 
-  void _startOrStop() {
-    try {
-      if (isStarted) {
-        controller.stop();
-      } else {
-        controller.start();
+    return Text(
+      value.displayValue ?? 'No display value.',
+      overflow: TextOverflow.fade,
+      style: const TextStyle(color: Colors.white),
+    );
   }
   }
+
+  void _handleBarcode(BarcodeCapture barcodes) {
+    if (mounted) {
       setState(() {
       setState(() {
-        isStarted = !isStarted;
+        _barcode = barcodes.barcodes.firstOrNull;
       });
       });
-    } on Exception catch (e) {
-      ScaffoldMessenger.of(context).showSnackBar(
-        SnackBar(
-          content: Text('Something went wrong! $e'),
-          backgroundColor: Colors.red,
-        ),
-      );
     }
     }
   }
   }
 
 
-  int? numberOfCameras;
+  @override
+  void initState() {
+    super.initState();
+    WidgetsBinding.instance.addObserver(this);
+
+    _subscription = controller.barcodes.listen(_handleBarcode);
+
+    unawaited(controller.start());
+  }
+
+  @override
+  void didChangeAppLifecycleState(AppLifecycleState state) {
+    super.didChangeAppLifecycleState(state);
+
+    switch (state) {
+      case AppLifecycleState.detached:
+      case AppLifecycleState.hidden:
+      case AppLifecycleState.paused:
+        return;
+      case AppLifecycleState.resumed:
+        _subscription = controller.barcodes.listen(_handleBarcode);
+
+        unawaited(controller.start());
+      case AppLifecycleState.inactive:
+        unawaited(_subscription?.cancel());
+        _subscription = null;
+        unawaited(controller.stop());
+    }
+  }
 
 
   @override
   @override
   Widget build(BuildContext context) {
   Widget build(BuildContext context) {
     return Scaffold(
     return Scaffold(
       appBar: AppBar(title: const Text('With controller')),
       appBar: AppBar(title: const Text('With controller')),
       backgroundColor: Colors.black,
       backgroundColor: Colors.black,
-      body: Builder(
-        builder: (context) {
-          return Stack(
+      body: Stack(
         children: [
         children: [
           MobileScanner(
           MobileScanner(
-                onScannerStarted: (arguments) {
-                  if (mounted && arguments?.numberOfCameras != null) {
-                    numberOfCameras = arguments!.numberOfCameras;
-                    setState(() {});
-                  }
-                },
             controller: controller,
             controller: controller,
             errorBuilder: (context, error, child) {
             errorBuilder: (context, error, child) {
               return ScannerErrorWidget(error: error);
               return ScannerErrorWidget(error: error);
             },
             },
             fit: BoxFit.contain,
             fit: BoxFit.contain,
-                onDetect: (barcode) {
-                  setState(() {
-                    this.barcode = barcode;
-                  });
-                },
           ),
           ),
           Align(
           Align(
             alignment: Alignment.bottomCenter,
             alignment: Alignment.bottomCenter,
@@ -85,118 +104,26 @@ class _BarcodeScannerWithControllerState
               child: Row(
               child: Row(
                 mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.spaceEvenly,
                 mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.spaceEvenly,
                 children: [
                 children: [
-                      ValueListenableBuilder(
-                        valueListenable: controller.hasTorchState,
-                        builder: (context, state, child) {
-                          if (state != true) {
-                            return const SizedBox.shrink();
-                          }
-                          return IconButton(
-                            color: Colors.white,
-                            icon: ValueListenableBuilder<TorchState>(
-                              valueListenable: controller.torchState,
-                              builder: (context, state, child) {
-                                switch (state) {
-                                  case TorchState.off:
-                                    return const Icon(
-                                      Icons.flash_off,
-                                      color: Colors.grey,
-                                    );
-                                  case TorchState.on:
-                                    return const Icon(
-                                      Icons.flash_on,
-                                      color: Colors.yellow,
-                                    );
-                                }
-                              },
-                            ),
-                            iconSize: 32.0,
-                            onPressed: () => controller.toggleTorch(),
-                          );
-                        },
-                      ),
-                      IconButton(
-                        color: Colors.white,
-                        icon: isStarted
-                            ? const Icon(Icons.stop)
-                            : const Icon(Icons.play_arrow),
-                        iconSize: 32.0,
-                        onPressed: _startOrStop,
-                      ),
-                      Center(
-                        child: SizedBox(
-                          width: MediaQuery.of(context).size.width - 200,
-                          height: 50,
-                          child: FittedBox(
-                            child: Text(
-                              barcode?.barcodes.first.rawValue ??
-                                  'Scan something!',
-                              overflow: TextOverflow.fade,
-                              style: Theme.of(context)
-                                  .textTheme
-                                  .headlineMedium!
-                                  .copyWith(color: Colors.white),
-                            ),
-                          ),
-                        ),
-                      ),
-                      IconButton(
-                        color: Colors.white,
-                        icon: ValueListenableBuilder<CameraFacing>(
-                          valueListenable: controller.cameraFacingState,
-                          builder: (context, state, child) {
-                            switch (state) {
-                              case CameraFacing.front:
-                                return const Icon(Icons.camera_front);
-                              case CameraFacing.back:
-                                return const Icon(Icons.camera_rear);
-                            }
-                          },
-                        ),
-                        iconSize: 32.0,
-                        onPressed: (numberOfCameras ?? 0) < 2
-                            ? null
-                            : () => controller.switchCamera(),
-                      ),
-                      IconButton(
-                        color: Colors.white,
-                        icon: const Icon(Icons.image),
-                        iconSize: 32.0,
-                        onPressed: () async {
-                          final ImagePicker picker = ImagePicker();
-                          // Pick an image
-                          final XFile? image = await picker.pickImage(
-                            source: ImageSource.gallery,
-                          );
-                          if (image != null) {
-                            if (await controller.analyzeImage(image.path)) {
-                              if (!context.mounted) return;
-                              ScaffoldMessenger.of(context).showSnackBar(
-                                const SnackBar(
-                                  content: Text('Barcode found!'),
-                                  backgroundColor: Colors.green,
-                                ),
-                              );
-                            } else {
-                              if (!context.mounted) return;
-                              ScaffoldMessenger.of(context).showSnackBar(
-                                const SnackBar(
-                                  content: Text('No barcode found!'),
-                                  backgroundColor: Colors.red,
-                                ),
-                              );
-                            }
-                          }
-                        },
-                      ),
+                  ToggleFlashlightButton(controller: controller),
+                  StartStopMobileScannerButton(controller: controller),
+                  Expanded(child: Center(child: _buildBarcode(_barcode))),
+                  SwitchCameraButton(controller: controller),
+                  AnalyzeImageFromGalleryButton(controller: controller),
                 ],
                 ],
               ),
               ),
             ),
             ),
           ),
           ),
         ],
         ],
-          );
-        },
       ),
       ),
     );
     );
   }
   }
+
+  @override
+  Future<void> dispose() async {
+    WidgetsBinding.instance.removeObserver(this);
+    unawaited(_subscription?.cancel());
+    _subscription = null;
+    super.dispose();
+    await controller.dispose();
+  }
 }
 }

+import 'dart:async';
+
+import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
+import 'package:mobile_scanner/mobile_scanner.dart';
+import 'package:mobile_scanner_example/scanner_button_widgets.dart';
+import 'package:mobile_scanner_example/scanner_error_widget.dart';
+
+class BarcodeScannerListView extends StatefulWidget {
+  const BarcodeScannerListView({super.key});
+
+  @override
+  State<BarcodeScannerListView> createState() => _BarcodeScannerListViewState();
+}
+
+class _BarcodeScannerListViewState extends State<BarcodeScannerListView> {
+  final MobileScannerController controller = MobileScannerController(
+    torchEnabled: true,
+    // formats: [BarcodeFormat.qrCode]
+    // facing: CameraFacing.front,
+    // detectionSpeed: DetectionSpeed.normal
+    // detectionTimeoutMs: 1000,
+    // returnImage: false,
+  );
+
+  @override
+  void initState() {
+    super.initState();
+
+    controller.start();
+  }
+
+  Widget _buildBarcodesListView() {
+    return StreamBuilder<BarcodeCapture>(
+      stream: controller.barcodes,
+      builder: (context, snapshot) {
+        final barcodes = snapshot.data?.barcodes;
+
+        if (barcodes == null || barcodes.isEmpty) {
+          return const Center(
+            child: Text(
+              'Scan Something!',
+              style: TextStyle(color: Colors.white, fontSize: 20),
+            ),
+          );
+        }
+
+        return ListView.builder(
+          itemCount: barcodes.length,
+          itemBuilder: (context, index) {
+            return Padding(
+              padding: const EdgeInsets.all(8.0),
+              child: Text(
+                barcodes[index].rawValue ?? 'No raw value',
+                overflow: TextOverflow.fade,
+                style: const TextStyle(color: Colors.white),
+              ),
+            );
+          },
+        );
+      },
+    );
+  }
+
+  @override
+  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
+    return Scaffold(
+      appBar: AppBar(title: const Text('With ListView')),
+      backgroundColor: Colors.black,
+      body: Stack(
+        children: [
+          MobileScanner(
+            controller: controller,
+            errorBuilder: (context, error, child) {
+              return ScannerErrorWidget(error: error);
+            },
+            fit: BoxFit.contain,
+          ),
+          Align(
+            alignment: Alignment.bottomCenter,
+            child: Container(
+              alignment: Alignment.bottomCenter,
+              height: 100,
+              color: Colors.black.withOpacity(0.4),
+              child: Column(
+                children: [
+                  Expanded(
+                    child: _buildBarcodesListView(),
+                  ),
+                  Row(
+                    mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.spaceEvenly,
+                    children: [
+                      ToggleFlashlightButton(controller: controller),
+                      StartStopMobileScannerButton(controller: controller),
+                      const Spacer(),
+                      SwitchCameraButton(controller: controller),
+                      AnalyzeImageFromGalleryButton(controller: controller),
+                    ],
+                  ),
+                ],
+              ),
+            ),
+          ),
+        ],
+      ),
+    );
+  }
+
+  @override
+  Future<void> dispose() async {
+    super.dispose();
+    await controller.dispose();
+  }
+}

+import 'dart:async';
+
 import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
 import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
 import 'package:mobile_scanner/mobile_scanner.dart';
 import 'package:mobile_scanner/mobile_scanner.dart';
+import 'package:mobile_scanner_example/scanned_barcode_label.dart';
 import 'package:mobile_scanner_example/scanner_error_widget.dart';
 import 'package:mobile_scanner_example/scanner_error_widget.dart';
 
 
 class BarcodeScannerPageView extends StatefulWidget {
 class BarcodeScannerPageView extends StatefulWidget {
@@ -9,27 +12,72 @@ class BarcodeScannerPageView extends StatefulWidget {
   State<BarcodeScannerPageView> createState() => _BarcodeScannerPageViewState();
   State<BarcodeScannerPageView> createState() => _BarcodeScannerPageViewState();
 }
 }
 
 
-class _BarcodeScannerPageViewState extends State<BarcodeScannerPageView>
-    with SingleTickerProviderStateMixin {
-  BarcodeCapture? capture;
+class _BarcodeScannerPageViewState extends State<BarcodeScannerPageView> {
+  final MobileScannerController controller = MobileScannerController();
+
+  final PageController pageController = PageController();
+
+  @override
+  void initState() {
+    super.initState();
+    unawaited(controller.start());
+  }
+
+  @override
+  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
+    return Scaffold(
+      appBar: AppBar(title: const Text('With PageView')),
+      backgroundColor: Colors.black,
+      body: PageView(
+        controller: pageController,
+        onPageChanged: (index) async {
+          // Stop the camera view for the current page,
+          // and then restart the camera for the new page.
+          await controller.stop();
+
+          // When switching pages, add a delay to the next start call.
+          // Otherwise the camera will start before the next page is displayed.
+          await Future.delayed(const Duration(seconds: 1, milliseconds: 500));
+
+          if (!mounted) {
+            return;
+          }
+
+          unawaited(controller.start());
+        },
+        children: [
+          _BarcodeScannerPage(controller: controller),
+          const SizedBox(),
+          _BarcodeScannerPage(controller: controller),
+          _BarcodeScannerPage(controller: controller),
+        ],
+      ),
+    );
+  }
+
+  @override
+  Future<void> dispose() async {
+    pageController.dispose();
+    super.dispose();
+    await controller.dispose();
+  }
+}
 
 
-  Widget cameraView() {
-    return Builder(
-      builder: (context) {
+class _BarcodeScannerPage extends StatelessWidget {
+  const _BarcodeScannerPage({required this.controller});
+
+  final MobileScannerController controller;
+
+  @override
+  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
     return Stack(
     return Stack(
       children: [
       children: [
         MobileScanner(
         MobileScanner(
-              startDelay: true,
-              controller: MobileScannerController(torchEnabled: true),
+          controller: controller,
           fit: BoxFit.contain,
           fit: BoxFit.contain,
           errorBuilder: (context, error, child) {
           errorBuilder: (context, error, child) {
             return ScannerErrorWidget(error: error);
             return ScannerErrorWidget(error: error);
           },
           },
-              onDetect: (capture) {
-                setState(() {
-                  this.capture = capture;
-                });
-              },
         ),
         ),
         Align(
         Align(
           alignment: Alignment.bottomCenter,
           alignment: Alignment.bottomCenter,
@@ -37,49 +85,12 @@ class _BarcodeScannerPageViewState extends State<BarcodeScannerPageView>
             alignment: Alignment.bottomCenter,
             alignment: Alignment.bottomCenter,
             height: 100,
             height: 100,
             color: Colors.black.withOpacity(0.4),
             color: Colors.black.withOpacity(0.4),
-                child: Row(
-                  mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.spaceEvenly,
-                  children: [
-                    Center(
-                      child: SizedBox(
-                        width: MediaQuery.of(context).size.width - 120,
-                        height: 50,
-                        child: FittedBox(
-                          child: Text(
-                            capture?.barcodes.first.rawValue ??
-                                'Scan something!',
-                            overflow: TextOverflow.fade,
-                            style: Theme.of(context)
-                                .textTheme
-                                .headlineMedium!
-                                .copyWith(color: Colors.white),
-                          ),
+            child: Center(
+              child: ScannedBarcodeLabel(barcodes: controller.barcodes),
             ),
             ),
           ),
           ),
         ),
         ),
       ],
       ],
-                ),
-              ),
-            ),
-          ],
-        );
-      },
-    );
-  }
-
-  @override
-  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
-    return Scaffold(
-      appBar: AppBar(title: const Text('With PageView')),
-      backgroundColor: Colors.black,
-      body: PageView(
-        children: [
-          cameraView(),
-          Container(),
-          cameraView(),
-          cameraView(),
-        ],
-      ),
     );
     );
   }
   }
 }
 }

@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@ import 'dart:math';
 
 
 import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
 import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
 import 'package:mobile_scanner/mobile_scanner.dart';
 import 'package:mobile_scanner/mobile_scanner.dart';
+import 'package:mobile_scanner_example/scanned_barcode_label.dart';
+import 'package:mobile_scanner_example/scanner_button_widgets.dart';
 import 'package:mobile_scanner_example/scanner_error_widget.dart';
 import 'package:mobile_scanner_example/scanner_error_widget.dart';
 
 
 class BarcodeScannerReturningImage extends StatefulWidget {
 class BarcodeScannerReturningImage extends StatefulWidget {
@@ -13,11 +15,7 @@ class BarcodeScannerReturningImage extends StatefulWidget {
 }
 }
 
 
 class _BarcodeScannerReturningImageState
 class _BarcodeScannerReturningImageState
-    extends State<BarcodeScannerReturningImage>
-    with SingleTickerProviderStateMixin {
-  BarcodeCapture? barcode;
-  // MobileScannerArguments? arguments;
-
+    extends State<BarcodeScannerReturningImage> {
   final MobileScannerController controller = MobileScannerController(
   final MobileScannerController controller = MobileScannerController(
     torchEnabled: true,
     torchEnabled: true,
     // formats: [BarcodeFormat.qrCode]
     // formats: [BarcodeFormat.qrCode]
@@ -27,27 +25,11 @@ class _BarcodeScannerReturningImageState
     returnImage: true,
     returnImage: true,
   );
   );
 
 
-  bool isStarted = true;
-
-  void _startOrStop() {
-    try {
-      if (isStarted) {
-        controller.stop();
-      } else {
+  @override
+  void initState() {
+    super.initState();
     controller.start();
     controller.start();
   }
   }
-      setState(() {
-        isStarted = !isStarted;
-      });
-    } on Exception catch (e) {
-      ScaffoldMessenger.of(context).showSnackBar(
-        SnackBar(
-          content: Text('Something went wrong! $e'),
-          backgroundColor: Colors.red,
-        ),
-      );
-    }
-  }
 
 
   @override
   @override
   Widget build(BuildContext context) {
   Widget build(BuildContext context) {
@@ -57,19 +39,54 @@ class _BarcodeScannerReturningImageState
         child: Column(
         child: Column(
           children: [
           children: [
             Expanded(
             Expanded(
-              child: barcode?.image != null
-                  ? Transform.rotate(
-                      angle: 90 * pi / 180,
-                      child: Image(
-                        gaplessPlayback: true,
-                        image: MemoryImage(barcode!.image!),
-                        fit: BoxFit.contain,
-                      ),
-                    )
-                  : const Center(
+              child: StreamBuilder<BarcodeCapture>(
+                stream: controller.barcodes,
+                builder: (context, snapshot) {
+                  final barcode = snapshot.data;
+
+                  if (barcode == null) {
+                    return const Center(
                       child: Text(
                       child: Text(
                         'Your scanned barcode will appear here!',
                         'Your scanned barcode will appear here!',
                       ),
                       ),
+                    );
+                  }
+
+                  final barcodeImage = barcode.image;
+
+                  if (barcodeImage == null) {
+                    return const Center(
+                      child: Text('No image for this barcode.'),
+                    );
+                  }
+
+                  return Image.memory(
+                    barcodeImage,
+                    fit: BoxFit.contain,
+                    errorBuilder: (context, error, stackTrace) {
+                      return Center(
+                        child: Text('Could not decode image bytes. $error'),
+                      );
+                    },
+                    frameBuilder: (
+                      BuildContext context,
+                      Widget child,
+                      int? frame,
+                      bool? wasSynchronouslyLoaded,
+                    ) {
+                      if (wasSynchronouslyLoaded == true || frame != null) {
+                        return Transform.rotate(
+                          angle: 90 * pi / 180,
+                          child: child,
+                        );
+                      }
+
+                      return const Center(
+                        child: CircularProgressIndicator(),
+                      );
+                    },
+                  );
+                },
               ),
               ),
             ),
             ),
             Expanded(
             Expanded(
@@ -84,11 +101,6 @@ class _BarcodeScannerReturningImageState
                         return ScannerErrorWidget(error: error);
                         return ScannerErrorWidget(error: error);
                       },
                       },
                       fit: BoxFit.contain,
                       fit: BoxFit.contain,
-                      onDetect: (barcode) {
-                        setState(() {
-                          this.barcode = barcode;
-                        });
-                      },
                     ),
                     ),
                     Align(
                     Align(
                       alignment: Alignment.bottomCenter,
                       alignment: Alignment.bottomCenter,
@@ -99,69 +111,18 @@ class _BarcodeScannerReturningImageState
                         child: Row(
                         child: Row(
                           mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.spaceEvenly,
                           mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.spaceEvenly,
                           children: [
                           children: [
-                            IconButton(
-                              color: Colors.white,
-                              icon: ValueListenableBuilder<TorchState>(
-                                valueListenable: controller.torchState,
-                                builder: (context, state, child) {
-                                  switch (state) {
-                                    case TorchState.off:
-                                      return const Icon(
-                                        Icons.flash_off,
-                                        color: Colors.grey,
-                                      );
-                                    case TorchState.on:
-                                      return const Icon(
-                                        Icons.flash_on,
-                                        color: Colors.yellow,
-                                      );
-                                  }
-                                },
+                            ToggleFlashlightButton(controller: controller),
+                            StartStopMobileScannerButton(
+                              controller: controller,
+                            ),
+                            Expanded(
+                              child: Center(
+                                child: ScannedBarcodeLabel(
+                                  barcodes: controller.barcodes,
                                 ),
                                 ),
-                              iconSize: 32.0,
-                              onPressed: () => controller.toggleTorch(),
-                            ),
-                            IconButton(
-                              color: Colors.white,
-                              icon: isStarted
-                                  ? const Icon(Icons.stop)
-                                  : const Icon(Icons.play_arrow),
-                              iconSize: 32.0,
-                              onPressed: _startOrStop,
-                            ),
-                            Center(
-                              child: SizedBox(
-                                width: MediaQuery.of(context).size.width - 200,
-                                height: 50,
-                                child: FittedBox(
-                                  child: Text(
-                                    barcode?.barcodes.first.rawValue ??
-                                        'Scan something!',
-                                    overflow: TextOverflow.fade,
-                                    style: Theme.of(context)
-                                        .textTheme
-                                        .headlineMedium!
-                                        .copyWith(color: Colors.white),
-                                  ),
-                                ),
-                              ),
-                            ),
-                            IconButton(
-                              color: Colors.white,
-                              icon: ValueListenableBuilder<CameraFacing>(
-                                valueListenable: controller.cameraFacingState,
-                                builder: (context, state, child) {
-                                  switch (state) {
-                                    case CameraFacing.front:
-                                      return const Icon(Icons.camera_front);
-                                    case CameraFacing.back:
-                                      return const Icon(Icons.camera_rear);
-                                  }
-                                },
                               ),
                               ),
-                              iconSize: 32.0,
-                              onPressed: () => controller.switchCamera(),
                             ),
                             ),
+                            SwitchCameraButton(controller: controller),
                           ],
                           ],
                         ),
                         ),
                       ),
                       ),
@@ -177,8 +138,8 @@ class _BarcodeScannerReturningImageState
   }
   }
 
 
   @override
   @override
-  void dispose() {
-    controller.dispose();
+  Future<void> dispose() async {
     super.dispose();
     super.dispose();
+    await controller.dispose();
   }
   }
 }
 }

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ import 'dart:io';
 import 'package:flutter/foundation.dart';
 import 'package:flutter/foundation.dart';
 import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
 import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
 import 'package:mobile_scanner/mobile_scanner.dart';
 import 'package:mobile_scanner/mobile_scanner.dart';
+import 'package:mobile_scanner_example/scanned_barcode_label.dart';
 
 
 import 'package:mobile_scanner_example/scanner_error_widget.dart';
 import 'package:mobile_scanner_example/scanner_error_widget.dart';
 
 
@@ -16,95 +17,120 @@ class BarcodeScannerWithScanWindow extends StatefulWidget {
 
 
 class _BarcodeScannerWithScanWindowState
 class _BarcodeScannerWithScanWindowState
     extends State<BarcodeScannerWithScanWindow> {
     extends State<BarcodeScannerWithScanWindow> {
-  late MobileScannerController controller = MobileScannerController();
-  Barcode? barcode;
-  BarcodeCapture? capture;
+  final MobileScannerController controller = MobileScannerController();
 
 
-  Future<void> onDetect(BarcodeCapture barcode) async {
-    capture = barcode;
-    setState(() => this.barcode = barcode.barcodes.first);
+  @override
+  void initState() {
+    super.initState();
+
+    controller.start();
+  }
+
+  Widget _buildBarcodeOverlay() {
+    return ValueListenableBuilder(
+      valueListenable: controller,
+      builder: (context, value, child) {
+        // Not ready.
+        if (!value.isInitialized || !value.isRunning || value.error != null) {
+          return const SizedBox();
+        }
+
+        return StreamBuilder<BarcodeCapture>(
+          stream: controller.barcodes,
+          builder: (context, snapshot) {
+            final BarcodeCapture? barcodeCapture = snapshot.data;
+
+            // No barcode.
+            if (barcodeCapture == null || barcodeCapture.barcodes.isEmpty) {
+              return const SizedBox();
             }
             }
 
 
-  MobileScannerArguments? arguments;
+            final scannedBarcode = barcodeCapture.barcodes.first;
+
+            // No barcode corners, or size, or no camera preview size.
+            if (scannedBarcode.corners.isEmpty ||
+                value.size.isEmpty ||
+                barcodeCapture.size.isEmpty) {
+              return const SizedBox();
+            }
+
+            return CustomPaint(
+              painter: BarcodeOverlay(
+                barcodeCorners: scannedBarcode.corners,
+                barcodeSize: barcodeCapture.size,
+                boxFit: BoxFit.contain,
+                cameraPreviewSize: value.size,
+              ),
+            );
+          },
+        );
+      },
+    );
+  }
+
+  Widget _buildScanWindow(Rect scanWindowRect) {
+    return ValueListenableBuilder(
+      valueListenable: controller,
+      builder: (context, value, child) {
+        // Not ready.
+        if (!value.isInitialized ||
+            !value.isRunning ||
+            value.error != null ||
+            value.size.isEmpty) {
+          return const SizedBox();
+        }
+
+        return CustomPaint(
+          painter: ScannerOverlay(scanWindowRect),
+        );
+      },
+    );
+  }
 
 
   @override
   @override
   Widget build(BuildContext context) {
   Widget build(BuildContext context) {
     final scanWindow = Rect.fromCenter(
     final scanWindow = Rect.fromCenter(
-      center: MediaQuery.of(context).size.center(Offset.zero),
+      center: MediaQuery.sizeOf(context).center(Offset.zero),
       width: 200,
       width: 200,
       height: 200,
       height: 200,
     );
     );
+
     return Scaffold(
     return Scaffold(
       appBar: AppBar(title: const Text('With Scan window')),
       appBar: AppBar(title: const Text('With Scan window')),
       backgroundColor: Colors.black,
       backgroundColor: Colors.black,
-      body: Builder(
-        builder: (context) {
-          return Stack(
+      body: Stack(
         fit: StackFit.expand,
         fit: StackFit.expand,
         children: [
         children: [
           MobileScanner(
           MobileScanner(
             fit: BoxFit.contain,
             fit: BoxFit.contain,
             scanWindow: scanWindow,
             scanWindow: scanWindow,
             controller: controller,
             controller: controller,
-                onScannerStarted: (arguments) {
-                  setState(() {
-                    this.arguments = arguments;
-                  });
-                },
             errorBuilder: (context, error, child) {
             errorBuilder: (context, error, child) {
               return ScannerErrorWidget(error: error);
               return ScannerErrorWidget(error: error);
             },
             },
-                onDetect: onDetect,
-              ),
-              if (barcode != null &&
-                  barcode?.corners != null &&
-                  arguments != null)
-                CustomPaint(
-                  painter: BarcodeOverlay(
-                    barcode: barcode!,
-                    arguments: arguments!,
-                    boxFit: BoxFit.contain,
-                    capture: capture!,
-                  ),
-                ),
-              CustomPaint(
-                painter: ScannerOverlay(scanWindow),
           ),
           ),
+          _buildBarcodeOverlay(),
+          _buildScanWindow(scanWindow),
           Align(
           Align(
             alignment: Alignment.bottomCenter,
             alignment: Alignment.bottomCenter,
             child: Container(
             child: Container(
-                  alignment: Alignment.bottomCenter,
+              alignment: Alignment.center,
+              padding: const EdgeInsets.symmetric(horizontal: 16, vertical: 8),
               height: 100,
               height: 100,
               color: Colors.black.withOpacity(0.4),
               color: Colors.black.withOpacity(0.4),
-                  child: Row(
-                    mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.spaceEvenly,
-                    children: [
-                      Center(
-                        child: SizedBox(
-                          width: MediaQuery.of(context).size.width - 120,
-                          height: 50,
-                          child: FittedBox(
-                            child: Text(
-                              barcode?.displayValue ?? 'Scan something!',
-                              overflow: TextOverflow.fade,
-                              style: Theme.of(context)
-                                  .textTheme
-                                  .headlineMedium!
-                                  .copyWith(color: Colors.white),
-                            ),
-                          ),
+              child: ScannedBarcodeLabel(barcodes: controller.barcodes),
             ),
             ),
           ),
           ),
         ],
         ],
       ),
       ),
-                ),
-              ),
-            ],
-          );
-        },
-      ),
     );
     );
   }
   }
+
+  @override
+  Future<void> dispose() async {
+    super.dispose();
+    await controller.dispose();
+  }
 }
 }
 
 
 class ScannerOverlay extends CustomPainter {
 class ScannerOverlay extends CustomPainter {
@@ -114,6 +140,8 @@ class ScannerOverlay extends CustomPainter {
 
 
   @override
   @override
   void paint(Canvas canvas, Size size) {
   void paint(Canvas canvas, Size size) {
+    // TODO: use `Offset.zero & size` instead of Rect.largest
+    // we need to pass the size to the custom paint widget
     final backgroundPath = Path()..addRect(Rect.largest);
     final backgroundPath = Path()..addRect(Rect.largest);
     final cutoutPath = Path()..addRect(scanWindow);
     final cutoutPath = Path()..addRect(scanWindow);
 
 
@@ -138,24 +166,26 @@ class ScannerOverlay extends CustomPainter {
 
 
 class BarcodeOverlay extends CustomPainter {
 class BarcodeOverlay extends CustomPainter {
   BarcodeOverlay({
   BarcodeOverlay({
-    required this.barcode,
-    required this.arguments,
+    required this.barcodeCorners,
+    required this.barcodeSize,
     required this.boxFit,
     required this.boxFit,
-    required this.capture,
+    required this.cameraPreviewSize,
   });
   });
 
 
-  final BarcodeCapture capture;
-  final Barcode barcode;
-  final MobileScannerArguments arguments;
+  final List<Offset> barcodeCorners;
+  final Size barcodeSize;
   final BoxFit boxFit;
   final BoxFit boxFit;
+  final Size cameraPreviewSize;
 
 
   @override
   @override
   void paint(Canvas canvas, Size size) {
   void paint(Canvas canvas, Size size) {
-    if (barcode.corners.isEmpty) {
+    if (barcodeCorners.isEmpty ||
+        barcodeSize.isEmpty ||
+        cameraPreviewSize.isEmpty) {
       return;
       return;
     }
     }
 
 
-    final adjustedSize = applyBoxFit(boxFit, arguments.size, size);
+    final adjustedSize = applyBoxFit(boxFit, cameraPreviewSize, size);
 
 
     double verticalPadding = size.height - adjustedSize.destination.height;
     double verticalPadding = size.height - adjustedSize.destination.height;
     double horizontalPadding = size.width - adjustedSize.destination.width;
     double horizontalPadding = size.width - adjustedSize.destination.width;
@@ -175,22 +205,21 @@ class BarcodeOverlay extends CustomPainter {
     final double ratioHeight;
     final double ratioHeight;
 
 
     if (!kIsWeb && Platform.isIOS) {
     if (!kIsWeb && Platform.isIOS) {
-      ratioWidth = capture.size.width / adjustedSize.destination.width;
-      ratioHeight = capture.size.height / adjustedSize.destination.height;
+      ratioWidth = barcodeSize.width / adjustedSize.destination.width;
+      ratioHeight = barcodeSize.height / adjustedSize.destination.height;
     } else {
     } else {
-      ratioWidth = arguments.size.width / adjustedSize.destination.width;
-      ratioHeight = arguments.size.height / adjustedSize.destination.height;
+      ratioWidth = cameraPreviewSize.width / adjustedSize.destination.width;
+      ratioHeight = cameraPreviewSize.height / adjustedSize.destination.height;
     }
     }
 
 
-    final List<Offset> adjustedOffset = [];
-    for (final offset in barcode.corners) {
-      adjustedOffset.add(
+    final List<Offset> adjustedOffset = [
+      for (final offset in barcodeCorners)
         Offset(
         Offset(
           offset.dx / ratioWidth + horizontalPadding,
           offset.dx / ratioWidth + horizontalPadding,
           offset.dy / ratioHeight + verticalPadding,
           offset.dy / ratioHeight + verticalPadding,
         ),
         ),
-      );
-    }
+    ];
+
     final cutoutPath = Path()..addPolygon(adjustedOffset, true);
     final cutoutPath = Path()..addPolygon(adjustedOffset, true);
 
 
     final backgroundPaint = Paint()
     final backgroundPaint = Paint()

-import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
-import 'package:mobile_scanner/mobile_scanner.dart';
-import 'package:mobile_scanner_example/scanner_error_widget.dart';
-
-class BarcodeScannerWithoutController extends StatefulWidget {
-  const BarcodeScannerWithoutController({super.key});
-
-  @override
-  State<BarcodeScannerWithoutController> createState() =>
-      _BarcodeScannerWithoutControllerState();
-}
-
-class _BarcodeScannerWithoutControllerState
-    extends State<BarcodeScannerWithoutController>
-    with SingleTickerProviderStateMixin {
-  BarcodeCapture? capture;
-
-  @override
-  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
-    return Scaffold(
-      appBar: AppBar(title: const Text('Without controller')),
-      backgroundColor: Colors.black,
-      body: Builder(
-        builder: (context) {
-          return Stack(
-            children: [
-              MobileScanner(
-                fit: BoxFit.contain,
-                errorBuilder: (context, error, child) {
-                  return ScannerErrorWidget(error: error);
-                },
-                onDetect: (capture) {
-                  setState(() {
-                    this.capture = capture;
-                  });
-                },
-              ),
-              Align(
-                alignment: Alignment.bottomCenter,
-                child: Container(
-                  alignment: Alignment.bottomCenter,
-                  height: 100,
-                  color: Colors.black.withOpacity(0.4),
-                  child: Row(
-                    mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.spaceEvenly,
-                    children: [
-                      Center(
-                        child: SizedBox(
-                          width: MediaQuery.of(context).size.width - 120,
-                          height: 50,
-                          child: FittedBox(
-                            child: Text(
-                              capture?.barcodes.first.rawValue ??
-                                  'Scan something!',
-                              overflow: TextOverflow.fade,
-                              style: Theme.of(context)
-                                  .textTheme
-                                  .headlineMedium!
-                                  .copyWith(color: Colors.white),
-                            ),
-                          ),
-                        ),
-                      ),
-                    ],
-                  ),
-                ),
-              ),
-            ],
-          );
-        },
-      ),
-    );
-  }
-}

+import 'dart:async';
+
+import 'package:flutter/foundation.dart';
 import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
 import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
-import 'package:image_picker/image_picker.dart';
 import 'package:mobile_scanner/mobile_scanner.dart';
 import 'package:mobile_scanner/mobile_scanner.dart';
+import 'package:mobile_scanner_example/scanned_barcode_label.dart';
 
 
+import 'package:mobile_scanner_example/scanner_button_widgets.dart';
 import 'package:mobile_scanner_example/scanner_error_widget.dart';
 import 'package:mobile_scanner_example/scanner_error_widget.dart';
 
 
 class BarcodeScannerWithZoom extends StatefulWidget {
 class BarcodeScannerWithZoom extends StatefulWidget {
@@ -11,64 +15,44 @@ class BarcodeScannerWithZoom extends StatefulWidget {
   State<BarcodeScannerWithZoom> createState() => _BarcodeScannerWithZoomState();
   State<BarcodeScannerWithZoom> createState() => _BarcodeScannerWithZoomState();
 }
 }
 
 
-class _BarcodeScannerWithZoomState extends State<BarcodeScannerWithZoom>
-    with SingleTickerProviderStateMixin {
-  BarcodeCapture? barcode;
-
-  MobileScannerController controller = MobileScannerController(
+class _BarcodeScannerWithZoomState extends State<BarcodeScannerWithZoom> {
+  final MobileScannerController controller = MobileScannerController(
     torchEnabled: true,
     torchEnabled: true,
   );
   );
 
 
-  bool isStarted = true;
   double _zoomFactor = 0.0;
   double _zoomFactor = 0.0;
 
 
   @override
   @override
-  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
-    return Scaffold(
-      appBar: AppBar(title: const Text('With zoom slider')),
-      backgroundColor: Colors.black,
-      body: Builder(
-        builder: (context) {
-          return Stack(
-            children: [
-              MobileScanner(
-                controller: controller,
-                fit: BoxFit.contain,
-                errorBuilder: (context, error, child) {
-                  return ScannerErrorWidget(error: error);
-                },
-                onDetect: (barcode) {
-                  setState(() {
-                    this.barcode = barcode;
-                  });
-                },
-              ),
-              Align(
-                alignment: Alignment.bottomCenter,
-                child: Container(
-                  alignment: Alignment.bottomCenter,
-                  height: 100,
-                  color: Colors.black.withOpacity(0.4),
-                  child: Column(
-                    children: [
-                      Padding(
+  void initState() {
+    super.initState();
+    controller.start();
+  }
+
+  Widget _buildZoomScaleSlider() {
+    return ValueListenableBuilder(
+      valueListenable: controller,
+      builder: (context, state, child) {
+        if (!state.isInitialized || !state.isRunning) {
+          return const SizedBox.shrink();
+        }
+
+        final TextStyle labelStyle = Theme.of(context)
+            .textTheme
+            .headlineMedium!
+            .copyWith(color: Colors.white);
+
+        return Padding(
           padding: const EdgeInsets.symmetric(horizontal: 8.0),
           padding: const EdgeInsets.symmetric(horizontal: 8.0),
           child: Row(
           child: Row(
             children: [
             children: [
               Text(
               Text(
-                              "0%",
+                '0%',
                 overflow: TextOverflow.fade,
                 overflow: TextOverflow.fade,
-                              style: Theme.of(context)
-                                  .textTheme
-                                  .headlineMedium!
-                                  .copyWith(color: Colors.white),
+                style: labelStyle,
               ),
               ),
               Expanded(
               Expanded(
                 child: Slider(
                 child: Slider(
-                                max: 100,
-                                divisions: 100,
                   value: _zoomFactor,
                   value: _zoomFactor,
-                                label: "${_zoomFactor.round()} %",
                   onChanged: (value) {
                   onChanged: (value) {
                     setState(() {
                     setState(() {
                       _zoomFactor = value;
                       _zoomFactor = value;
@@ -78,118 +62,54 @@ class _BarcodeScannerWithZoomState extends State<BarcodeScannerWithZoom>
                 ),
                 ),
               ),
               ),
               Text(
               Text(
-                              "100%",
+                '100%',
                 overflow: TextOverflow.fade,
                 overflow: TextOverflow.fade,
-                              style: Theme.of(context)
-                                  .textTheme
-                                  .headlineMedium!
-                                  .copyWith(color: Colors.white),
+                style: labelStyle,
               ),
               ),
             ],
             ],
           ),
           ),
-                      ),
-                      Row(
-                        mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.spaceEvenly,
-                        children: [
-                          IconButton(
-                            color: Colors.white,
-                            icon: ValueListenableBuilder<TorchState>(
-                              valueListenable: controller.torchState,
-                              builder: (context, state, child) {
-                                switch (state) {
-                                  case TorchState.off:
-                                    return const Icon(
-                                      Icons.flash_off,
-                                      color: Colors.grey,
-                                    );
-                                  case TorchState.on:
-                                    return const Icon(
-                                      Icons.flash_on,
-                                      color: Colors.yellow,
         );
         );
-                                }
       },
       },
-                            ),
-                            iconSize: 32.0,
-                            onPressed: () => controller.toggleTorch(),
-                          ),
-                          IconButton(
-                            color: Colors.white,
-                            icon: isStarted
-                                ? const Icon(Icons.stop)
-                                : const Icon(Icons.play_arrow),
-                            iconSize: 32.0,
-                            onPressed: () => setState(() {
-                              isStarted
-                                  ? controller.stop()
-                                  : controller.start();
-                              isStarted = !isStarted;
-                            }),
-                          ),
-                          Center(
-                            child: SizedBox(
-                              width: MediaQuery.of(context).size.width - 200,
-                              height: 50,
-                              child: FittedBox(
-                                child: Text(
-                                  barcode?.barcodes.first.rawValue ??
-                                      'Scan something!',
-                                  overflow: TextOverflow.fade,
-                                  style: Theme.of(context)
-                                      .textTheme
-                                      .headlineMedium!
-                                      .copyWith(color: Colors.white),
-                                ),
-                              ),
-                            ),
-                          ),
-                          IconButton(
-                            color: Colors.white,
-                            icon: ValueListenableBuilder<CameraFacing>(
-                              valueListenable: controller.cameraFacingState,
-                              builder: (context, state, child) {
-                                switch (state) {
-                                  case CameraFacing.front:
-                                    return const Icon(Icons.camera_front);
-                                  case CameraFacing.back:
-                                    return const Icon(Icons.camera_rear);
+    );
   }
   }
+
+  @override
+  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
+    return Scaffold(
+      appBar: AppBar(title: const Text('With zoom slider')),
+      backgroundColor: Colors.black,
+      body: Stack(
+        children: [
+          MobileScanner(
+            controller: controller,
+            fit: BoxFit.contain,
+            errorBuilder: (context, error, child) {
+              return ScannerErrorWidget(error: error);
             },
             },
           ),
           ),
-                            iconSize: 32.0,
-                            onPressed: () => controller.switchCamera(),
-                          ),
-                          IconButton(
-                            color: Colors.white,
-                            icon: const Icon(Icons.image),
-                            iconSize: 32.0,
-                            onPressed: () async {
-                              final ImagePicker picker = ImagePicker();
-                              // Pick an image
-                              final XFile? image = await picker.pickImage(
-                                source: ImageSource.gallery,
-                              );
-                              if (image != null) {
-                                if (await controller.analyzeImage(image.path)) {
-                                  if (!context.mounted) return;
-                                  ScaffoldMessenger.of(context).showSnackBar(
-                                    const SnackBar(
-                                      content: Text('Barcode found!'),
-                                      backgroundColor: Colors.green,
+          Align(
+            alignment: Alignment.bottomCenter,
+            child: Container(
+              alignment: Alignment.bottomCenter,
+              height: 100,
+              color: Colors.black.withOpacity(0.4),
+              child: Column(
+                children: [
+                  if (!kIsWeb) _buildZoomScaleSlider(),
+                  Row(
+                    mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.spaceEvenly,
+                    children: [
+                      ToggleFlashlightButton(controller: controller),
+                      StartStopMobileScannerButton(controller: controller),
+                      Expanded(
+                        child: Center(
+                          child: ScannedBarcodeLabel(
+                            barcodes: controller.barcodes,
                           ),
                           ),
-                                  );
-                                } else {
-                                  if (!context.mounted) return;
-                                  ScaffoldMessenger.of(context).showSnackBar(
-                                    const SnackBar(
-                                      content: Text('No barcode found!'),
-                                      backgroundColor: Colors.red,
                         ),
                         ),
-                                  );
-                                }
-                              }
-                            },
                       ),
                       ),
+                      SwitchCameraButton(controller: controller),
+                      AnalyzeImageFromGalleryButton(controller: controller),
                     ],
                     ],
                   ),
                   ),
                 ],
                 ],
@@ -197,9 +117,13 @@ class _BarcodeScannerWithZoomState extends State<BarcodeScannerWithZoom>
             ),
             ),
           ),
           ),
         ],
         ],
-          );
-        },
       ),
       ),
     );
     );
   }
   }
+
+  @override
+  Future<void> dispose() async {
+    super.dispose();
+    await controller.dispose();
+  }
 }
 }

 import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
 import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
-import 'package:mobile_scanner_example/barcode_list_scanner_controller.dart';
 import 'package:mobile_scanner_example/barcode_scanner_controller.dart';
 import 'package:mobile_scanner_example/barcode_scanner_controller.dart';
+import 'package:mobile_scanner_example/barcode_scanner_listview.dart';
 import 'package:mobile_scanner_example/barcode_scanner_pageview.dart';
 import 'package:mobile_scanner_example/barcode_scanner_pageview.dart';
 import 'package:mobile_scanner_example/barcode_scanner_returning_image.dart';
 import 'package:mobile_scanner_example/barcode_scanner_returning_image.dart';
 import 'package:mobile_scanner_example/barcode_scanner_window.dart';
 import 'package:mobile_scanner_example/barcode_scanner_window.dart';
-import 'package:mobile_scanner_example/barcode_scanner_without_controller.dart';
 import 'package:mobile_scanner_example/barcode_scanner_zoom.dart';
 import 'package:mobile_scanner_example/barcode_scanner_zoom.dart';
 import 'package:mobile_scanner_example/mobile_scanner_overlay.dart';
 import 'package:mobile_scanner_example/mobile_scanner_overlay.dart';
 
 
-void main() => runApp(const MaterialApp(home: MyHome()));
+void main() {
+  runApp(
+    const MaterialApp(
+      title: 'Mobile Scanner Example',
+      home: MyHome(),
+    ),
+  );
+}
 
 
 class MyHome extends StatelessWidget {
 class MyHome extends StatelessWidget {
   const MyHome({super.key});
   const MyHome({super.key});
@@ -16,23 +22,20 @@ class MyHome extends StatelessWidget {
   @override
   @override
   Widget build(BuildContext context) {
   Widget build(BuildContext context) {
     return Scaffold(
     return Scaffold(
-      appBar: AppBar(title: const Text('Flutter Demo Home Page')),
-      body: SizedBox(
-        width: MediaQuery.of(context).size.width,
-        height: MediaQuery.of(context).size.height,
+      appBar: AppBar(title: const Text('Mobile Scanner Example')),
+      body: Center(
         child: Column(
         child: Column(
-          mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.center,
+          mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.spaceAround,
           children: [
           children: [
             ElevatedButton(
             ElevatedButton(
               onPressed: () {
               onPressed: () {
                 Navigator.of(context).push(
                 Navigator.of(context).push(
                   MaterialPageRoute(
                   MaterialPageRoute(
-                    builder: (context) =>
-                        const BarcodeListScannerWithController(),
+                    builder: (context) => const BarcodeScannerListView(),
                   ),
                   ),
                 );
                 );
               },
               },
-              child: const Text('MobileScanner with List Controller'),
+              child: const Text('MobileScanner with ListView'),
             ),
             ),
             ElevatedButton(
             ElevatedButton(
               onPressed: () {
               onPressed: () {
@@ -62,19 +65,9 @@ class MyHome extends StatelessWidget {
                   ),
                   ),
                 );
                 );
               },
               },
-              child:
-                  const Text('MobileScanner with Controller (returning image)'),
-            ),
-            ElevatedButton(
-              onPressed: () {
-                Navigator.of(context).push(
-                  MaterialPageRoute(
-                    builder: (context) =>
-                        const BarcodeScannerWithoutController(),
+              child: const Text(
+                'MobileScanner with Controller (returning image)',
               ),
               ),
-                );
-              },
-              child: const Text('MobileScanner without Controller'),
             ),
             ),
             ElevatedButton(
             ElevatedButton(
               onPressed: () {
               onPressed: () {

 import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
 import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
 import 'package:mobile_scanner/mobile_scanner.dart';
 import 'package:mobile_scanner/mobile_scanner.dart';
+import 'package:mobile_scanner_example/scanned_barcode_label.dart';
+import 'package:mobile_scanner_example/scanner_button_widgets.dart';
 import 'package:mobile_scanner_example/scanner_error_widget.dart';
 import 'package:mobile_scanner_example/scanner_error_widget.dart';
 
 
 class BarcodeScannerWithOverlay extends StatefulWidget {
 class BarcodeScannerWithOverlay extends StatefulWidget {
@@ -9,174 +11,105 @@ class BarcodeScannerWithOverlay extends StatefulWidget {
 }
 }
 
 
 class _BarcodeScannerWithOverlayState extends State<BarcodeScannerWithOverlay> {
 class _BarcodeScannerWithOverlayState extends State<BarcodeScannerWithOverlay> {
-  String overlayText = "Please scan QR Code";
-  bool camStarted = false;
-
   final MobileScannerController controller = MobileScannerController(
   final MobileScannerController controller = MobileScannerController(
     formats: const [BarcodeFormat.qrCode],
     formats: const [BarcodeFormat.qrCode],
-    autoStart: false,
   );
   );
 
 
   @override
   @override
-  void dispose() {
-    controller.dispose();
-    super.dispose();
-  }
-
-  void startCamera() {
-    if (camStarted) {
-      return;
-    }
-
-    controller.start().then((_) {
-      if (mounted) {
-        setState(() {
-          camStarted = true;
-        });
-      }
-    }).catchError((Object error, StackTrace stackTrace) {
-      if (mounted) {
-        ScaffoldMessenger.of(context).showSnackBar(
-          SnackBar(
-            content: Text('Something went wrong! $error'),
-            backgroundColor: Colors.red,
-          ),
-        );
-      }
-    });
-  }
-
-  void onBarcodeDetect(BarcodeCapture barcodeCapture) {
-    final barcode = barcodeCapture.barcodes.last;
-    setState(() {
-      overlayText = barcodeCapture.barcodes.last.displayValue ??
-          barcode.rawValue ??
-          'Barcode has no displayable value';
-    });
+  void initState() {
+    super.initState();
+    controller.start();
   }
   }
 
 
   @override
   @override
   Widget build(BuildContext context) {
   Widget build(BuildContext context) {
     final scanWindow = Rect.fromCenter(
     final scanWindow = Rect.fromCenter(
-      center: MediaQuery.of(context).size.center(Offset.zero),
+      center: MediaQuery.sizeOf(context).center(Offset.zero),
       width: 200,
       width: 200,
       height: 200,
       height: 200,
     );
     );
 
 
     return Scaffold(
     return Scaffold(
+      backgroundColor: Colors.black,
       appBar: AppBar(
       appBar: AppBar(
         title: const Text('Scanner with Overlay Example app'),
         title: const Text('Scanner with Overlay Example app'),
       ),
       ),
-      body: Center(
-        child: Column(
-          mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.center,
-          children: <Widget>[
-            Expanded(
-              child: camStarted
-                  ? Stack(
+      body: Stack(
         fit: StackFit.expand,
         fit: StackFit.expand,
         children: [
         children: [
           Center(
           Center(
             child: MobileScanner(
             child: MobileScanner(
               fit: BoxFit.contain,
               fit: BoxFit.contain,
-                            onDetect: onBarcodeDetect,
-                            overlay: Padding(
-                              padding: const EdgeInsets.all(16.0),
-                              child: Align(
-                                alignment: Alignment.bottomCenter,
-                                child: Opacity(
-                                  opacity: 0.7,
-                                  child: Text(
-                                    overlayText,
-                                    style: const TextStyle(
-                                      backgroundColor: Colors.black26,
-                                      color: Colors.white,
-                                      fontWeight: FontWeight.bold,
-                                      fontSize: 24,
-                                      overflow: TextOverflow.ellipsis,
-                                    ),
-                                    maxLines: 1,
-                                  ),
-                                ),
-                              ),
-                            ),
               controller: controller,
               controller: controller,
               scanWindow: scanWindow,
               scanWindow: scanWindow,
               errorBuilder: (context, error, child) {
               errorBuilder: (context, error, child) {
                 return ScannerErrorWidget(error: error);
                 return ScannerErrorWidget(error: error);
               },
               },
-                          ),
-                        ),
-                        CustomPaint(
-                          painter: ScannerOverlay(scanWindow),
-                        ),
-                        Padding(
+              overlayBuilder: (context, constraints) {
+                return Padding(
                   padding: const EdgeInsets.all(16.0),
                   padding: const EdgeInsets.all(16.0),
                   child: Align(
                   child: Align(
                     alignment: Alignment.bottomCenter,
                     alignment: Alignment.bottomCenter,
-                            child: Row(
-                              mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.spaceEvenly,
-                              children: [
-                                ValueListenableBuilder<TorchState>(
-                                  valueListenable: controller.torchState,
-                                  builder: (context, value, child) {
-                                    final Color iconColor;
-
-                                    switch (value) {
-                                      case TorchState.off:
-                                        iconColor = Colors.black;
-                                      case TorchState.on:
-                                        iconColor = Colors.yellow;
-                                    }
-
-                                    return IconButton(
-                                      onPressed: () => controller.toggleTorch(),
-                                      icon: Icon(
-                                        Icons.flashlight_on,
-                                        color: iconColor,
+                    child: ScannedBarcodeLabel(barcodes: controller.barcodes),
                   ),
                   ),
                 );
                 );
               },
               },
             ),
             ),
-                                IconButton(
-                                  onPressed: () => controller.switchCamera(),
-                                  icon: const Icon(
-                                    Icons.cameraswitch_rounded,
-                                    color: Colors.white,
           ),
           ),
+          ValueListenableBuilder(
+            valueListenable: controller,
+            builder: (context, value, child) {
+              if (!value.isInitialized ||
+                  !value.isRunning ||
+                  value.error != null) {
+                return const SizedBox();
+              }
+
+              return CustomPaint(
+                painter: ScannerOverlay(scanWindow: scanWindow),
+              );
+            },
           ),
           ),
+          Align(
+            alignment: Alignment.bottomCenter,
+            child: Padding(
+              padding: const EdgeInsets.all(16.0),
+              child: Row(
+                mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.spaceEvenly,
+                children: [
+                  ToggleFlashlightButton(controller: controller),
+                  SwitchCameraButton(controller: controller),
                 ],
                 ],
               ),
               ),
             ),
             ),
           ),
           ),
         ],
         ],
-                    )
-                  : const Center(
-                      child: Text("Tap on Camera to activate QR Scanner"),
-                    ),
-            ),
-          ],
-        ),
-      ),
-      floatingActionButton: camStarted
-          ? null
-          : FloatingActionButton(
-              onPressed: startCamera,
-              child: const Icon(Icons.camera_alt),
       ),
       ),
     );
     );
   }
   }
+
+  @override
+  Future<void> dispose() async {
+    super.dispose();
+    await controller.dispose();
+  }
 }
 }
 
 
 class ScannerOverlay extends CustomPainter {
 class ScannerOverlay extends CustomPainter {
-  ScannerOverlay(this.scanWindow);
+  const ScannerOverlay({
+    required this.scanWindow,
+    this.borderRadius = 12.0,
+  });
 
 
   final Rect scanWindow;
   final Rect scanWindow;
-  final double borderRadius = 12.0;
+  final double borderRadius;
 
 
   @override
   @override
   void paint(Canvas canvas, Size size) {
   void paint(Canvas canvas, Size size) {
+    // TODO: use `Offset.zero & size` instead of Rect.largest
+    // we need to pass the size to the custom paint widget
     final backgroundPath = Path()..addRect(Rect.largest);
     final backgroundPath = Path()..addRect(Rect.largest);
+
     final cutoutPath = Path()
     final cutoutPath = Path()
       ..addRRect(
       ..addRRect(
         RRect.fromRectAndCorners(
         RRect.fromRectAndCorners(
@@ -199,14 +132,11 @@ class ScannerOverlay extends CustomPainter {
       cutoutPath,
       cutoutPath,
     );
     );
 
 
-    // Create a Paint object for the white border
     final borderPaint = Paint()
     final borderPaint = Paint()
       ..color = Colors.white
       ..color = Colors.white
       ..style = PaintingStyle.stroke
       ..style = PaintingStyle.stroke
-      ..strokeWidth = 4.0; // Adjust the border width as needed
+      ..strokeWidth = 4.0;
 
 
-    // Calculate the border rectangle with rounded corners
-// Adjust the radius as needed
     final borderRect = RRect.fromRectAndCorners(
     final borderRect = RRect.fromRectAndCorners(
       scanWindow,
       scanWindow,
       topLeft: Radius.circular(borderRadius),
       topLeft: Radius.circular(borderRadius),
@@ -215,13 +145,16 @@ class ScannerOverlay extends CustomPainter {
       bottomRight: Radius.circular(borderRadius),
       bottomRight: Radius.circular(borderRadius),
     );
     );
 
 
-    // Draw the white border
+    // First, draw the background,
+    // with a cutout area that is a bit larger than the scan window.
+    // Finally, draw the scan window itself.
     canvas.drawPath(backgroundWithCutout, backgroundPaint);
     canvas.drawPath(backgroundWithCutout, backgroundPaint);
     canvas.drawRRect(borderRect, borderPaint);
     canvas.drawRRect(borderRect, borderPaint);
   }
   }
 
 
   @override
   @override
-  bool shouldRepaint(covariant CustomPainter oldDelegate) {
-    return false;
+  bool shouldRepaint(ScannerOverlay oldDelegate) {
+    return scanWindow != oldDelegate.scanWindow ||
+        borderRadius != oldDelegate.borderRadius;
   }
   }
 }
 }

+import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
+import 'package:mobile_scanner/mobile_scanner.dart';
+
+class ScannedBarcodeLabel extends StatelessWidget {
+  const ScannedBarcodeLabel({
+    super.key,
+    required this.barcodes,
+  });
+
+  final Stream<BarcodeCapture> barcodes;
+
+  @override
+  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
+    return StreamBuilder(
+      stream: barcodes,
+      builder: (context, snaphot) {
+        final scannedBarcodes = snaphot.data?.barcodes ?? [];
+
+        if (scannedBarcodes.isEmpty) {
+          return const Text(
+            'Scan something!',
+            overflow: TextOverflow.fade,
+            style: TextStyle(color: Colors.white),
+          );
+        }
+
+        return Text(
+          scannedBarcodes.first.displayValue ?? 'No display value.',
+          overflow: TextOverflow.fade,
+          style: const TextStyle(color: Colors.white),
+        );
+      },
+    );
+  }
+}

+import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
+import 'package:image_picker/image_picker.dart';
+import 'package:mobile_scanner/mobile_scanner.dart';
+
+class AnalyzeImageFromGalleryButton extends StatelessWidget {
+  const AnalyzeImageFromGalleryButton({required this.controller, super.key});
+
+  final MobileScannerController controller;
+
+  @override
+  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
+    return IconButton(
+      color: Colors.white,
+      icon: const Icon(Icons.image),
+      iconSize: 32.0,
+      onPressed: () async {
+        final ImagePicker picker = ImagePicker();
+
+        final XFile? image = await picker.pickImage(
+          source: ImageSource.gallery,
+        );
+
+        if (image == null) {
+          return;
+        }
+
+        final BarcodeCapture? barcodes = await controller.analyzeImage(
+          image.path,
+        );
+
+        if (!context.mounted) {
+          return;
+        }
+
+        final SnackBar snackbar = barcodes != null
+            ? const SnackBar(
+                content: Text('Barcode found!'),
+                backgroundColor: Colors.green,
+              )
+            : const SnackBar(
+                content: Text('No barcode found!'),
+                backgroundColor: Colors.red,
+              );
+
+        ScaffoldMessenger.of(context).showSnackBar(snackbar);
+      },
+    );
+  }
+}
+
+class StartStopMobileScannerButton extends StatelessWidget {
+  const StartStopMobileScannerButton({required this.controller, super.key});
+
+  final MobileScannerController controller;
+
+  @override
+  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
+    return ValueListenableBuilder(
+      valueListenable: controller,
+      builder: (context, state, child) {
+        if (!state.isInitialized || !state.isRunning) {
+          return IconButton(
+            color: Colors.white,
+            icon: const Icon(Icons.play_arrow),
+            iconSize: 32.0,
+            onPressed: () async {
+              await controller.start();
+            },
+          );
+        }
+
+        return IconButton(
+          color: Colors.white,
+          icon: const Icon(Icons.stop),
+          iconSize: 32.0,
+          onPressed: () async {
+            await controller.stop();
+          },
+        );
+      },
+    );
+  }
+}
+
+class SwitchCameraButton extends StatelessWidget {
+  const SwitchCameraButton({required this.controller, super.key});
+
+  final MobileScannerController controller;
+
+  @override
+  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
+    return ValueListenableBuilder(
+      valueListenable: controller,
+      builder: (context, state, child) {
+        if (!state.isInitialized || !state.isRunning) {
+          return const SizedBox.shrink();
+        }
+
+        final int? availableCameras = state.availableCameras;
+
+        if (availableCameras != null && availableCameras < 2) {
+          return const SizedBox.shrink();
+        }
+
+        final Widget icon;
+
+        switch (state.cameraDirection) {
+          case CameraFacing.front:
+            icon = const Icon(Icons.camera_front);
+          case CameraFacing.back:
+            icon = const Icon(Icons.camera_rear);
+        }
+
+        return IconButton(
+          iconSize: 32.0,
+          icon: icon,
+          onPressed: () async {
+            await controller.switchCamera();
+          },
+        );
+      },
+    );
+  }
+}
+
+class ToggleFlashlightButton extends StatelessWidget {
+  const ToggleFlashlightButton({required this.controller, super.key});
+
+  final MobileScannerController controller;
+
+  @override
+  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
+    return ValueListenableBuilder(
+      valueListenable: controller,
+      builder: (context, state, child) {
+        if (!state.isInitialized || !state.isRunning) {
+          return const SizedBox.shrink();
+        }
+
+        switch (state.torchState) {
+          case TorchState.off:
+            return IconButton(
+              color: Colors.white,
+              iconSize: 32.0,
+              icon: const Icon(Icons.flash_off),
+              onPressed: () async {
+                await controller.toggleTorch();
+              },
+            );
+          case TorchState.on:
+            return IconButton(
+              color: Colors.white,
+              iconSize: 32.0,
+              icon: const Icon(Icons.flash_on),
+              onPressed: () async {
+                await controller.toggleTorch();
+              },
+            );
+          case TorchState.unavailable:
+            return const Icon(
+              Icons.no_flash,
+              color: Colors.grey,
+            );
+        }
+      },
+    );
+  }
+}

@@ -6,8 +6,8 @@ publish_to: 'none' # Remove this line if you wish to publish to pub.dev
 version: 0.0.1
 version: 0.0.1
 
 
 environment:
 environment:
-  sdk: ">=3.1.0 <4.0.0"
-  flutter: ">=3.13.0"
+  sdk: ">=3.3.0 <4.0.0"
+  flutter: ">=3.19.0"
 
 
 # Dependencies specify other packages that your package needs in order to work.
 # Dependencies specify other packages that your package needs in order to work.
 # To automatically upgrade your package dependencies to the latest versions
 # To automatically upgrade your package dependencies to the latest versions

@@ -40,7 +40,6 @@
   <script src="flutter.js" defer></script>
   <script src="flutter.js" defer></script>
 </head>
 </head>
 <body>
 <body>
-  <script src="https://unpkg.com/@zxing/library@0.19.1" type="application/javascript"></script>
   <script>
   <script>
     window.addEventListener('load', function(ev) {
     window.addEventListener('load', function(ev) {
       // Download main.dart.js
       // Download main.dart.js

@@ -245,12 +245,12 @@ public class MobileScannerPlugin: NSObject, FlutterPlugin {
             return
             return
         }
         }
 
 
-        mobileScanner.analyzeImage(image: uiImage!, position: AVCaptureDevice.Position.back, callback: { [self] barcodes, error in
+        mobileScanner.analyzeImage(image: uiImage!, position: AVCaptureDevice.Position.back, callback: { barcodes, error in
             if error != nil {
             if error != nil {
-                barcodeHandler.publishEvent(["name": "error", "message": error?.localizedDescription])
-                
                 DispatchQueue.main.async {
                 DispatchQueue.main.async {
-                    result(false)
+                    result(FlutterError(code: "MobileScanner",
+                                        message: error?.localizedDescription,
+                                        details: nil))
                 }
                 }
                 
                 
                 return
                 return
@@ -258,15 +258,13 @@ public class MobileScannerPlugin: NSObject, FlutterPlugin {
             
             
             if (barcodes == nil || barcodes!.isEmpty) {
             if (barcodes == nil || barcodes!.isEmpty) {
                 DispatchQueue.main.async {
                 DispatchQueue.main.async {
-                    result(false)
+                    result(nil)
                 }
                 }
             } else {
             } else {
                 let barcodesMap: [Any?] = barcodes!.compactMap { barcode in barcode.data }
                 let barcodesMap: [Any?] = barcodes!.compactMap { barcode in barcode.data }
-                let event: [String: Any?] = ["name": "barcode", "data": barcodesMap]
-                barcodeHandler.publishEvent(event)
                 
                 
                 DispatchQueue.main.async {
                 DispatchQueue.main.async {
-                    result(true)
+                    result(["name": "barcode", "data": barcodesMap])
                 }
                 }
             }
             }
         })
         })

@@ -5,13 +5,15 @@ export 'src/enums/camera_facing.dart';
 export 'src/enums/detection_speed.dart';
 export 'src/enums/detection_speed.dart';
 export 'src/enums/email_type.dart';
 export 'src/enums/email_type.dart';
 export 'src/enums/encryption_type.dart';
 export 'src/enums/encryption_type.dart';
+export 'src/enums/mobile_scanner_authorization_state.dart';
 export 'src/enums/mobile_scanner_error_code.dart';
 export 'src/enums/mobile_scanner_error_code.dart';
-export 'src/enums/mobile_scanner_state.dart';
 export 'src/enums/phone_type.dart';
 export 'src/enums/phone_type.dart';
 export 'src/enums/torch_state.dart';
 export 'src/enums/torch_state.dart';
 export 'src/mobile_scanner.dart';
 export 'src/mobile_scanner.dart';
 export 'src/mobile_scanner_controller.dart';
 export 'src/mobile_scanner_controller.dart';
-export 'src/mobile_scanner_exception.dart';
+export 'src/mobile_scanner_exception.dart'
+    hide PermissionRequestPendingException;
+export 'src/mobile_scanner_platform_interface.dart';
 export 'src/objects/address.dart';
 export 'src/objects/address.dart';
 export 'src/objects/barcode.dart';
 export 'src/objects/barcode.dart';
 export 'src/objects/barcode_capture.dart';
 export 'src/objects/barcode_capture.dart';
@@ -20,7 +22,7 @@ export 'src/objects/contact_info.dart';
 export 'src/objects/driver_license.dart';
 export 'src/objects/driver_license.dart';
 export 'src/objects/email.dart';
 export 'src/objects/email.dart';
 export 'src/objects/geo_point.dart';
 export 'src/objects/geo_point.dart';
-export 'src/objects/mobile_scanner_arguments.dart';
+export 'src/objects/mobile_scanner_state.dart';
 export 'src/objects/person_name.dart';
 export 'src/objects/person_name.dart';
 export 'src/objects/phone.dart';
 export 'src/objects/phone.dart';
 export 'src/objects/sms.dart';
 export 'src/objects/sms.dart';

-export 'src/web/base.dart';
-export 'src/web/jsqr.dart';
-export 'src/web/zxing.dart';

-import 'dart:async';
-import 'dart:html' as html;
-import 'dart:ui_web' as ui;
-
-import 'package:flutter/services.dart';
-import 'package:flutter_web_plugins/flutter_web_plugins.dart';
-import 'package:mobile_scanner/mobile_scanner_web.dart';
-import 'package:mobile_scanner/src/enums/barcode_format.dart';
-import 'package:mobile_scanner/src/enums/camera_facing.dart';
-
-/// This plugin is the web implementation of mobile_scanner.
-/// It only supports QR codes.
-class MobileScannerWebPlugin {
-  static void registerWith(Registrar registrar) {
-    final PluginEventChannel event = PluginEventChannel(
-      'dev.steenbakker.mobile_scanner/scanner/event',
-      const StandardMethodCodec(),
-      registrar,
-    );
-    final MethodChannel channel = MethodChannel(
-      'dev.steenbakker.mobile_scanner/scanner/method',
-      const StandardMethodCodec(),
-      registrar,
-    );
-    final MobileScannerWebPlugin instance = MobileScannerWebPlugin();
-
-    channel.setMethodCallHandler(instance.handleMethodCall);
-    event.setController(instance.controller);
-  }
-
-  // Controller to send events back to the framework
-  StreamController controller = StreamController.broadcast();
-
-  // ID of the video feed
-  String viewID = 'WebScanner-${DateTime.now().millisecondsSinceEpoch}';
-
-  static final html.DivElement vidDiv = html.DivElement();
-
-  /// Represents barcode reader library.
-  /// Change this property if you want to use a custom implementation.
-  ///
-  /// Example of using the jsQR library:
-  /// void main() {
-  ///   if (kIsWeb) {
-  ///     MobileScannerWebPlugin.barCodeReader =
-  ///         JsQrCodeReader(videoContainer: MobileScannerWebPlugin.vidDiv);
-  ///   }
-  ///   runApp(const MaterialApp(home: MyHome()));
-  /// }
-  static WebBarcodeReaderBase barCodeReader =
-      ZXingBarcodeReader(videoContainer: vidDiv);
-  StreamSubscription? _barCodeStreamSubscription;
-
-  /// Handle incomming messages
-  Future<dynamic> handleMethodCall(MethodCall call) async {
-    switch (call.method) {
-      case 'start':
-        return _start(call.arguments as Map);
-      case 'torch':
-        return _torch(call.arguments);
-      case 'stop':
-        return cancel();
-      case 'updateScanWindow':
-        return Future<void>.value();
-      default:
-        throw PlatformException(
-          code: 'Unimplemented',
-          details: "The mobile_scanner plugin for web doesn't implement "
-              "the method '${call.method}'",
-        );
-    }
-  }
-
-  /// Can enable or disable the flash if available
-  Future<void> _torch(arguments) async {
-    barCodeReader.toggleTorch(enabled: arguments == 1);
-  }
-
-  /// Starts the video stream and the scanner
-  Future<Map> _start(Map arguments) async {
-    var cameraFacing = CameraFacing.front;
-    if (arguments.containsKey('facing')) {
-      cameraFacing = CameraFacing.values[arguments['facing'] as int];
-    }
-
-    ui.platformViewRegistry.registerViewFactory(
-      viewID,
-      (int id) {
-        return vidDiv
-          ..style.width = '100%'
-          ..style.height = '100%';
-      },
-    );
-
-    // Check if stream is running
-    if (barCodeReader.isStarted) {
-      final hasTorch = await barCodeReader.hasTorch();
-      return {
-        'ViewID': viewID,
-        'videoWidth': barCodeReader.videoWidth,
-        'videoHeight': barCodeReader.videoHeight,
-        'torchable': hasTorch,
-      };
-    }
-    try {
-      List<BarcodeFormat>? formats;
-      if (arguments.containsKey('formats')) {
-        formats = (arguments['formats'] as List)
-            .cast<int>()
-            .map(BarcodeFormat.fromRawValue)
-            .toList();
-      }
-
-      final Duration? detectionTimeout;
-      if (arguments.containsKey('timeout')) {
-        detectionTimeout = Duration(milliseconds: arguments['timeout'] as int);
-      } else {
-        detectionTimeout = null;
-      }
-
-      await barCodeReader.start(
-        cameraFacing: cameraFacing,
-        formats: formats,
-        detectionTimeout: detectionTimeout,
-      );
-
-      _barCodeStreamSubscription =
-          barCodeReader.detectBarcodeContinuously().listen((code) {
-        if (code != null) {
-          controller.add({
-            'name': 'barcodeWeb',
-            'data': {
-              'rawValue': code.rawValue,
-              'rawBytes': code.rawBytes,
-              'format': code.format.rawValue,
-              'displayValue': code.displayValue,
-              'type': code.type.rawValue,
-              if (code.corners.isNotEmpty)
-                'corners': code.corners
-                    .map(
-                      (Offset c) => <Object?, Object?>{'x': c.dx, 'y': c.dy},
-                    )
-                    .toList(),
-            },
-          });
-        }
-      });
-
-      final hasTorch = await barCodeReader.hasTorch();
-      final bool? enableTorch = arguments['torch'] as bool?;
-
-      if (hasTorch && enableTorch != null) {
-        await barCodeReader.toggleTorch(enabled: enableTorch);
-      }
-
-      return {
-        'ViewID': viewID,
-        'videoWidth': barCodeReader.videoWidth,
-        'videoHeight': barCodeReader.videoHeight,
-        'torchable': hasTorch,
-      };
-    } catch (e, stackTrace) {
-      throw PlatformException(
-        code: 'MobileScannerWeb',
-        message: '$e',
-        details: stackTrace.toString(),
-      );
-    }
-  }
-
-  /// Check if any camera's are available
-  static Future<bool> cameraAvailable() async {
-    final sources =
-        await html.window.navigator.mediaDevices!.enumerateDevices();
-    for (final e in sources) {
-      // TODO:
-      // ignore: avoid_dynamic_calls
-      if (e.kind == 'videoinput') {
-        return true;
-      }
-    }
-    return false;
-  }
-
-  /// Stops the video feed and analyzer
-  Future<void> cancel() async {
-    await barCodeReader.stop();
-    await barCodeReader.stopDetectBarcodeContinuously();
-    await _barCodeStreamSubscription?.cancel();
-    _barCodeStreamSubscription = null;
-  }
-}

 /// The authorization state of the scanner.
 /// The authorization state of the scanner.
-enum MobileScannerState {
+enum MobileScannerAuthorizationState {
   /// The scanner has not yet requested the required permissions.
   /// The scanner has not yet requested the required permissions.
   undetermined(0),
   undetermined(0),
 
 
@@ -9,16 +9,16 @@ enum MobileScannerState {
   /// The user denied the required permissions.
   /// The user denied the required permissions.
   denied(2);
   denied(2);
 
 
-  const MobileScannerState(this.rawValue);
+  const MobileScannerAuthorizationState(this.rawValue);
 
 
-  factory MobileScannerState.fromRawValue(int value) {
+  factory MobileScannerAuthorizationState.fromRawValue(int value) {
     switch (value) {
     switch (value) {
       case 0:
       case 0:
-        return MobileScannerState.undetermined;
+        return MobileScannerAuthorizationState.undetermined;
       case 1:
       case 1:
-        return MobileScannerState.authorized;
+        return MobileScannerAuthorizationState.authorized;
       case 2:
       case 2:
-        return MobileScannerState.denied;
+        return MobileScannerAuthorizationState.denied;
       default:
       default:
         throw ArgumentError.value(value, 'value', 'Invalid raw value.');
         throw ArgumentError.value(value, 'value', 'Invalid raw value.');
     }
     }

+import 'package:mobile_scanner/src/mobile_scanner_controller.dart';
+
 /// This enum defines the different error codes for the mobile scanner.
 /// This enum defines the different error codes for the mobile scanner.
 enum MobileScannerErrorCode {
 enum MobileScannerErrorCode {
+  /// The controller was already started.
+  ///
+  /// The controller should be stopped using [MobileScannerController.stop],
+  /// before restarting it.
+  controllerAlreadyInitialized,
+
+  /// The controller was used after being disposed.
+  controllerDisposed,
+
   /// The controller was used
   /// The controller was used
   /// while it was not yet initialized using [MobileScannerController.start].
   /// while it was not yet initialized using [MobileScannerController.start].
   controllerUninitialized,
   controllerUninitialized,

@@ -4,7 +4,10 @@ enum TorchState {
   off(0),
   off(0),
 
 
   /// The flashlight is on.
   /// The flashlight is on.
-  on(1);
+  on(1),
+
+  /// The flashlight is unavailable.
+  unavailable(2);
 
 
   const TorchState(this.rawValue);
   const TorchState(this.rawValue);
 
 
@@ -14,6 +17,8 @@ enum TorchState {
         return TorchState.off;
         return TorchState.off;
       case 1:
       case 1:
         return TorchState.on;
         return TorchState.on;
+      case 2:
+        return TorchState.unavailable;
       default:
       default:
         throw ArgumentError.value(value, 'value', 'Invalid raw value.');
         throw ArgumentError.value(value, 'value', 'Invalid raw value.');
     }
     }

+import 'dart:async';
+import 'dart:io';
+
+import 'package:flutter/services.dart';
+import 'package:flutter/widgets.dart';
+import 'package:mobile_scanner/src/enums/barcode_format.dart';
+import 'package:mobile_scanner/src/enums/mobile_scanner_authorization_state.dart';
+import 'package:mobile_scanner/src/enums/mobile_scanner_error_code.dart';
+import 'package:mobile_scanner/src/enums/torch_state.dart';
+import 'package:mobile_scanner/src/mobile_scanner_exception.dart';
+import 'package:mobile_scanner/src/mobile_scanner_platform_interface.dart';
+import 'package:mobile_scanner/src/mobile_scanner_view_attributes.dart';
+import 'package:mobile_scanner/src/objects/barcode.dart';
+import 'package:mobile_scanner/src/objects/barcode_capture.dart';
+import 'package:mobile_scanner/src/objects/start_options.dart';
+
+/// An implementation of [MobileScannerPlatform] that uses method channels.
+class MethodChannelMobileScanner extends MobileScannerPlatform {
+  /// The method channel used to interact with the native platform.
+  @visibleForTesting
+  final methodChannel = const MethodChannel(
+    'dev.steenbakker.mobile_scanner/scanner/method',
+  );
+
+  /// The event channel that sends back scanned barcode events.
+  @visibleForTesting
+  final eventChannel = const EventChannel(
+    'dev.steenbakker.mobile_scanner/scanner/event',
+  );
+
+  Stream<Map<Object?, Object?>>? _eventsStream;
+
+  Stream<Map<Object?, Object?>> get eventsStream {
+    _eventsStream ??=
+        eventChannel.receiveBroadcastStream().cast<Map<Object?, Object?>>();
+
+    return _eventsStream!;
+  }
+
+  int? _textureId;
+
+  /// Parse a [BarcodeCapture] from the given [event].
+  BarcodeCapture? _parseBarcode(Map<Object?, Object?>? event) {
+    if (event == null) {
+      return null;
+    }
+
+    final Object? data = event['data'];
+
+    if (data == null || data is! List<Object?>) {
+      return null;
+    }
+
+    final List<Map<Object?, Object?>> barcodes =
+        data.cast<Map<Object?, Object?>>();
+
+    if (Platform.isMacOS) {
+      return BarcodeCapture(
+        raw: event,
+        barcodes: barcodes
+            .map(
+              (barcode) => Barcode(
+                rawValue: barcode['payload'] as String?,
+                format: BarcodeFormat.fromRawValue(
+                  barcode['symbology'] as int? ?? -1,
+                ),
+              ),
+            )
+            .toList(),
+      );
+    }
+
+    if (Platform.isAndroid || Platform.isIOS) {
+      final double? width = event['width'] as double?;
+      final double? height = event['height'] as double?;
+
+      return BarcodeCapture(
+        raw: data,
+        barcodes: barcodes.map(Barcode.fromNative).toList(),
+        image: event['image'] as Uint8List?,
+        size: width == null || height == null ? Size.zero : Size(width, height),
+      );
+    }
+
+    throw const MobileScannerException(
+      errorCode: MobileScannerErrorCode.genericError,
+      errorDetails: MobileScannerErrorDetails(
+        message: 'Only Android, iOS and macOS are supported.',
+      ),
+    );
+  }
+
+  /// Request permission to access the camera.
+  ///
+  /// Throws a [MobileScannerException] if the permission is not granted.
+  Future<void> _requestCameraPermission() async {
+    final MobileScannerAuthorizationState authorizationState;
+
+    try {
+      authorizationState = MobileScannerAuthorizationState.fromRawValue(
+        await methodChannel.invokeMethod<int>('state') ?? 0,
+      );
+    } on PlatformException catch (error) {
+      // If the permission state is invalid, that is an error.
+      throw MobileScannerException(
+        errorCode: MobileScannerErrorCode.genericError,
+        errorDetails: MobileScannerErrorDetails(
+          code: error.code,
+          details: error.details as Object?,
+          message: error.message,
+        ),
+      );
+    }
+
+    switch (authorizationState) {
+      case MobileScannerAuthorizationState.authorized:
+        return; // Already authorized.
+      // Android does not have an undetermined authorization state.
+      // So if the permission was denied, request it again.
+      case MobileScannerAuthorizationState.denied:
+      case MobileScannerAuthorizationState.undetermined:
+        try {
+          final bool granted =
+              await methodChannel.invokeMethod<bool>('request') ?? false;
+
+          if (granted) {
+            return; // Authorization was granted.
+          }
+
+          throw const MobileScannerException(
+            errorCode: MobileScannerErrorCode.permissionDenied,
+          );
+        } on PlatformException catch (error) {
+          // If the permission state is invalid, that is an error.
+          throw MobileScannerException(
+            errorCode: MobileScannerErrorCode.genericError,
+            errorDetails: MobileScannerErrorDetails(
+              code: error.code,
+              details: error.details as Object?,
+              message: error.message,
+            ),
+          );
+        }
+    }
+  }
+
+  @override
+  Stream<BarcodeCapture?> get barcodesStream {
+    return eventsStream
+        .where((event) => event['name'] == 'barcode')
+        .map((event) => _parseBarcode(event));
+  }
+
+  @override
+  Stream<TorchState> get torchStateStream {
+    return eventsStream
+        .where((event) => event['name'] == 'torchState')
+        .map((event) => TorchState.fromRawValue(event['data'] as int? ?? 0));
+  }
+
+  @override
+  Stream<double> get zoomScaleStateStream {
+    return eventsStream
+        .where((event) => event['name'] == 'zoomScaleState')
+        .map((event) => event['data'] as double? ?? 0.0);
+  }
+
+  @override
+  Future<BarcodeCapture?> analyzeImage(String path) async {
+    final Map<String, Object?>? result =
+        await methodChannel.invokeMapMethod<String, Object?>(
+      'analyzeImage',
+      path,
+    );
+
+    return _parseBarcode(result);
+  }
+
+  @override
+  Widget buildCameraView() {
+    if (_textureId == null) {
+      return const SizedBox();
+    }
+
+    return Texture(textureId: _textureId!);
+  }
+
+  @override
+  Future<void> resetZoomScale() async {
+    await methodChannel.invokeMethod<void>('resetScale');
+  }
+
+  @override
+  Future<void> setTorchState(TorchState torchState) async {
+    if (torchState == TorchState.unavailable) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    await methodChannel.invokeMethod<void>('torch', torchState.rawValue);
+  }
+
+  @override
+  Future<void> setZoomScale(double zoomScale) async {
+    await methodChannel.invokeMethod<void>('setScale', zoomScale);
+  }
+
+  @override
+  Future<MobileScannerViewAttributes> start(StartOptions startOptions) async {
+    if (_textureId != null) {
+      throw const MobileScannerException(
+        errorCode: MobileScannerErrorCode.controllerAlreadyInitialized,
+        errorDetails: MobileScannerErrorDetails(
+          message:
+              'The scanner was already started. Call stop() before calling start() again.',
+        ),
+      );
+    }
+
+    await _requestCameraPermission();
+
+    Map<String, Object?>? startResult;
+
+    try {
+      startResult = await methodChannel.invokeMapMethod<String, Object?>(
+        'start',
+        startOptions.toMap(),
+      );
+    } on PlatformException catch (error) {
+      throw MobileScannerException(
+        errorCode: MobileScannerErrorCode.genericError,
+        errorDetails: MobileScannerErrorDetails(
+          code: error.code,
+          details: error.details as Object?,
+          message: error.message,
+        ),
+      );
+    }
+
+    if (startResult == null) {
+      throw const MobileScannerException(
+        errorCode: MobileScannerErrorCode.genericError,
+        errorDetails: MobileScannerErrorDetails(
+          message: 'The start method did not return a view configuration.',
+        ),
+      );
+    }
+
+    final int? textureId = startResult['textureId'] as int?;
+
+    if (textureId == null) {
+      throw const MobileScannerException(
+        errorCode: MobileScannerErrorCode.genericError,
+        errorDetails: MobileScannerErrorDetails(
+          message: 'The start method did not return a texture id.',
+        ),
+      );
+    }
+
+    _textureId = textureId;
+
+    final int? numberOfCameras = startResult['numberOfCameras'] as int?;
+    final bool hasTorch = startResult['torchable'] as bool? ?? false;
+
+    final Map<Object?, Object?>? sizeInfo =
+        startResult['size'] as Map<Object?, Object?>?;
+    final double? width = sizeInfo?['width'] as double?;
+    final double? height = sizeInfo?['height'] as double?;
+
+    final Size size;
+
+    if (width == null || height == null) {
+      size = Size.zero;
+    } else {
+      size = Size(width, height);
+    }
+
+    return MobileScannerViewAttributes(
+      hasTorch: hasTorch,
+      numberOfCameras: numberOfCameras,
+      size: size,
+    );
+  }
+
+  @override
+  Future<void> stop() async {
+    if (_textureId == null) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    _textureId = null;
+
+    await methodChannel.invokeMethod<void>('stop');
+  }
+
+  @override
+  Future<void> updateScanWindow(Rect? window) async {
+    if (_textureId == null) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    List<double>? points;
+
+    if (window != null) {
+      points = [window.left, window.top, window.right, window.bottom];
+    }
+
+    await methodChannel.invokeMethod<void>(
+      'updateScanWindow',
+      {'rect': points},
+    );
+  }
+
+  @override
+  Future<void> dispose() async {
+    await stop();
+  }
+}

 import 'dart:async';
 import 'dart:async';
 
 
-import 'package:flutter/foundation.dart';
 import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
 import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
-import 'package:flutter/services.dart';
-import 'package:mobile_scanner/src/enums/mobile_scanner_error_code.dart';
 import 'package:mobile_scanner/src/mobile_scanner_controller.dart';
 import 'package:mobile_scanner/src/mobile_scanner_controller.dart';
 import 'package:mobile_scanner/src/mobile_scanner_exception.dart';
 import 'package:mobile_scanner/src/mobile_scanner_exception.dart';
-import 'package:mobile_scanner/src/objects/barcode_capture.dart';
-import 'package:mobile_scanner/src/objects/mobile_scanner_arguments.dart';
+import 'package:mobile_scanner/src/mobile_scanner_platform_interface.dart';
+import 'package:mobile_scanner/src/objects/mobile_scanner_state.dart';
 import 'package:mobile_scanner/src/scan_window_calculation.dart';
 import 'package:mobile_scanner/src/scan_window_calculation.dart';
 
 
 /// The function signature for the error builder.
 /// The function signature for the error builder.
@@ -17,18 +14,26 @@ typedef MobileScannerErrorBuilder = Widget Function(
   Widget?,
   Widget?,
 );
 );
 
 
-/// The [MobileScanner] widget displays a live camera preview.
+/// This widget displays a live camera preview for the barcode scanner.
 class MobileScanner extends StatefulWidget {
 class MobileScanner extends StatefulWidget {
-  /// The controller that manages the barcode scanner.
-  ///
-  /// If this is null, the scanner will manage its own controller.
-  final MobileScannerController? controller;
+  /// Create a new [MobileScanner] using the provided [controller].
+  const MobileScanner({
+    required this.controller,
+    this.fit = BoxFit.cover,
+    this.errorBuilder,
+    this.overlayBuilder,
+    this.placeholderBuilder,
+    this.scanWindow,
+    super.key,
+  });
+
+  /// The controller for the camera preview.
+  final MobileScannerController controller;
 
 
-  /// The function that builds an error widget when the scanner
-  /// could not be started.
+  /// The error builder for the camera preview.
   ///
   ///
-  /// If this is null, defaults to a black [ColoredBox]
-  /// with a centered white [Icons.error] icon.
+  /// If this is null, a black [ColoredBox],
+  /// with a centered white [Icons.error] icon is used as error widget.
   final MobileScannerErrorBuilder? errorBuilder;
   final MobileScannerErrorBuilder? errorBuilder;
 
 
   /// The [BoxFit] for the camera preview.
   /// The [BoxFit] for the camera preview.
@@ -36,250 +41,153 @@ class MobileScanner extends StatefulWidget {
   /// Defaults to [BoxFit.cover].
   /// Defaults to [BoxFit.cover].
   final BoxFit fit;
   final BoxFit fit;
 
 
-  /// The function that signals when new codes were detected by the [controller].
-  final void Function(BarcodeCapture barcodes) onDetect;
-
-  /// The function that signals when the barcode scanner is started.
-  @Deprecated('Use onScannerStarted() instead.')
-  final void Function(MobileScannerArguments? arguments)? onStart;
-
-  /// The function that signals when the barcode scanner is started.
-  final void Function(MobileScannerArguments? arguments)? onScannerStarted;
+  /// The builder for the overlay above the camera preview.
+  ///
+  /// The resulting widget can be combined with the [scanWindow] rectangle
+  /// to create a cutout for the camera preview.
+  ///
+  /// The [BoxConstraints] for this builder
+  /// are the same constraints that are used to compute the effective [scanWindow].
+  ///
+  /// The overlay is only displayed when the camera preview is visible.
+  final LayoutWidgetBuilder? overlayBuilder;
 
 
-  /// The function that builds a placeholder widget when the scanner
-  /// is not yet displaying its camera preview.
+  /// The placeholder builder for the camera preview.
   ///
   ///
   /// If this is null, a black [ColoredBox] is used as placeholder.
   /// If this is null, a black [ColoredBox] is used as placeholder.
+  ///
+  /// The placeholder is displayed when the camera preview is being initialized.
   final Widget Function(BuildContext, Widget?)? placeholderBuilder;
   final Widget Function(BuildContext, Widget?)? placeholderBuilder;
 
 
-  /// if set barcodes will only be scanned if they fall within this [Rect]
-  /// useful for having a cut-out overlay for example. these [Rect]
-  /// coordinates are relative to the widget size, so by how much your
-  /// rectangle overlays the actual image can depend on things like the
-  /// [BoxFit]
-  final Rect? scanWindow;
-
-  /// Only set this to true if you are starting another instance of mobile_scanner
-  /// right after disposing the first one, like in a PageView.
+  /// The scan window rectangle for the barcode scanner.
   ///
   ///
-  /// Default: false
-  final bool startDelay;
-
-  /// The overlay which will be painted above the scanner when has started successful.
-  /// Will no be pointed when an error occurs or the scanner hasn't been started yet.
-  final Widget? overlay;
-
-  /// Create a new [MobileScanner] using the provided [controller]
-  /// and [onBarcodeDetected] callback.
-  const MobileScanner({
-    this.controller,
-    this.errorBuilder,
-    this.fit = BoxFit.cover,
-    required this.onDetect,
-    @Deprecated('Use onScannerStarted() instead.') this.onStart,
-    this.onScannerStarted,
-    this.placeholderBuilder,
-    this.scanWindow,
-    this.startDelay = false,
-    this.overlay,
-    super.key,
-  });
+  /// If this is not null, the barcode scanner will only scan barcodes
+  /// which intersect this rectangle.
+  ///
+  /// This rectangle is relative to the layout size
+  /// of the *camera preview widget* in the widget tree,
+  /// rather than the actual size of the camera preview output.
+  /// This is because the size of the camera preview widget
+  /// might not be the same as the size of the camera output.
+  ///
+  /// For example, the applied [fit] has an effect on the size of the camera preview widget,
+  /// while the camera preview size remains the same.
+  ///
+  /// The following example shows a scan window that is centered,
+  /// fills half the height and one third of the width of the layout:
+  ///
+  /// ```dart
+  /// LayoutBuider(
+  ///   builder: (BuildContext context, BoxConstraints constraints) {
+  ///     final Size layoutSize = constraints.biggest;
+  ///
+  ///     final double scanWindowWidth = layoutSize.width / 3;
+  ///     final double scanWindowHeight = layoutSize.height / 2;
+  ///
+  ///     final Rect scanWindow = Rect.fromCenter(
+  ///       center: layoutSize.center(Offset.zero),
+  ///       width: scanWindowWidth,
+  ///       height: scanWindowHeight,
+  ///     );
+  ///   }
+  /// );
+  /// ```
+  final Rect? scanWindow;
 
 
   @override
   @override
   State<MobileScanner> createState() => _MobileScannerState();
   State<MobileScanner> createState() => _MobileScannerState();
 }
 }
 
 
-class _MobileScannerState extends State<MobileScanner>
-    with WidgetsBindingObserver {
-  /// The subscription that listens to barcode detection.
-  StreamSubscription<BarcodeCapture>? _barcodesSubscription;
-
-  /// The internally managed controller.
-  late MobileScannerController _controller;
-
-  /// Whether the controller should resume
-  /// when the application comes back to the foreground.
-  bool _resumeFromBackground = false;
-
-  MobileScannerException? _startException;
-
-  Widget _buildPlaceholderOrError(BuildContext context, Widget? child) {
-    final error = _startException;
+class _MobileScannerState extends State<MobileScanner> {
+  /// The current scan window.
+  Rect? scanWindow;
 
 
-    if (error != null) {
-      return widget.errorBuilder?.call(context, error, child) ??
-          const ColoredBox(
-            color: Colors.black,
-            child: Center(child: Icon(Icons.error, color: Colors.white)),
+  /// Calculate the scan window based on the given [constraints].
+  ///
+  /// If the [scanWindow] is already set, this method does nothing.
+  void _maybeUpdateScanWindow(
+    MobileScannerState scannerState,
+    BoxConstraints constraints,
+  ) {
+    if (widget.scanWindow != null && scanWindow == null) {
+      scanWindow = calculateScanWindowRelativeToTextureInPercentage(
+        widget.fit,
+        widget.scanWindow!,
+        textureSize: scannerState.size,
+        widgetSize: constraints.biggest,
       );
       );
-    }
 
 
-    return widget.placeholderBuilder?.call(context, child) ??
-        const ColoredBox(color: Colors.black);
+      unawaited(widget.controller.updateScanWindow(scanWindow));
     }
     }
-
-  /// Start the given [scanner].
-  Future<void> _startScanner() async {
-    if (widget.startDelay) {
-      await Future.delayed(const Duration(seconds: 1, milliseconds: 500));
   }
   }
 
 
-    _barcodesSubscription ??= _controller.barcodes.listen(
-      widget.onDetect,
-    );
+  @override
+  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
+    return ValueListenableBuilder<MobileScannerState>(
+      valueListenable: widget.controller,
+      builder: (BuildContext context, MobileScannerState value, Widget? child) {
+        if (!value.isInitialized) {
+          const Widget defaultPlaceholder = ColoredBox(color: Colors.black);
 
 
-    if (!_controller.autoStart) {
-      debugPrint(
-        'mobile_scanner: not starting automatically because autoStart is set to false in the controller.',
-      );
-      return;
+          return widget.placeholderBuilder?.call(context, child) ??
+              defaultPlaceholder;
         }
         }
 
 
-    _controller.start().then((arguments) {
-      // ignore: deprecated_member_use_from_same_package
-      widget.onStart?.call(arguments);
-      widget.onScannerStarted?.call(arguments);
-    }).catchError((error) {
-      if (!mounted) {
-        return;
-      }
+        final MobileScannerException? error = value.error;
 
 
-      if (error is MobileScannerException) {
-        _startException = error;
-      } else if (error is PlatformException) {
-        _startException = MobileScannerException(
-          errorCode: MobileScannerErrorCode.genericError,
-          errorDetails: MobileScannerErrorDetails(
-            code: error.code,
-            message: error.message,
-            details: error.details,
-          ),
-        );
-      } else {
-        _startException = MobileScannerException(
-          errorCode: MobileScannerErrorCode.genericError,
-          errorDetails: MobileScannerErrorDetails(
-            details: error,
-          ),
+        if (error != null) {
+          const Widget defaultError = ColoredBox(
+            color: Colors.black,
+            child: Center(child: Icon(Icons.error, color: Colors.white)),
           );
           );
-      }
-
-      setState(() {});
-    });
-  }
-
-  @override
-  void initState() {
-    super.initState();
-    WidgetsBinding.instance.addObserver(this);
-    _controller = widget.controller ?? MobileScannerController();
-    _startScanner();
-  }
-
-  @override
-  void didChangeAppLifecycleState(AppLifecycleState state) {
-    // App state changed before the controller was initialized.
-    if (_controller.isStarting) {
-      return;
-    }
 
 
-    switch (state) {
-      case AppLifecycleState.resumed:
-        if (_resumeFromBackground) {
-          _startScanner();
-        }
-      case AppLifecycleState.inactive:
-        _resumeFromBackground = true;
-        _controller.stop();
-      default:
-        break;
-    }
+          return widget.errorBuilder?.call(context, error, child) ??
+              defaultError;
         }
         }
 
 
-  Rect? scanWindow;
-
-  @override
-  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
         return LayoutBuilder(
         return LayoutBuilder(
           builder: (context, constraints) {
           builder: (context, constraints) {
-        return ValueListenableBuilder<MobileScannerArguments?>(
-          valueListenable: _controller.startArguments,
-          builder: (context, value, child) {
-            if (value == null) {
-              return _buildPlaceholderOrError(context, child);
-            }
+            _maybeUpdateScanWindow(value, constraints);
 
 
-            if (widget.scanWindow != null && scanWindow == null) {
-              scanWindow = calculateScanWindowRelativeToTextureInPercentage(
-                widget.fit,
-                widget.scanWindow!,
-                textureSize: value.size,
-                widgetSize: constraints.biggest,
+            final Widget? overlay =
+                widget.overlayBuilder?.call(context, constraints);
+            final Size cameraPreviewSize = value.size;
+
+            final Widget scannerWidget = ClipRect(
+              child: SizedBox.fromSize(
+                size: constraints.biggest,
+                child: FittedBox(
+                  fit: widget.fit,
+                  child: SizedBox(
+                    width: cameraPreviewSize.width,
+                    height: cameraPreviewSize.height,
+                    child: MobileScannerPlatform.instance.buildCameraView(),
+                  ),
+                ),
+              ),
             );
             );
 
 
-              _controller.updateScanWindow(scanWindow);
+            if (overlay == null) {
+              return scannerWidget;
             }
             }
-            if (widget.overlay != null) {
+
             return Stack(
             return Stack(
               alignment: Alignment.center,
               alignment: Alignment.center,
-                children: [
-                  _scanner(
-                    value.size,
-                    value.webId,
-                    value.textureId,
-                    value.numberOfCameras,
-                  ),
-                  widget.overlay!,
+              children: <Widget>[
+                scannerWidget,
+                overlay,
               ],
               ],
             );
             );
-            } else {
-              return _scanner(
-                value.size,
-                value.webId,
-                value.textureId,
-                value.numberOfCameras,
-              );
-            }
-          },
-        );
           },
           },
         );
         );
-  }
-
-  Widget _scanner(
-    Size size,
-    String? webId,
-    int? textureId,
-    int? numberOfCameras,
-  ) {
-    return ClipRect(
-      child: LayoutBuilder(
-        builder: (_, constraints) {
-          return SizedBox.fromSize(
-            size: constraints.biggest,
-            child: FittedBox(
-              fit: widget.fit,
-              child: SizedBox(
-                width: size.width,
-                height: size.height,
-                child: kIsWeb
-                    ? HtmlElementView(viewType: webId!)
-                    : Texture(textureId: textureId!),
-              ),
-            ),
-          );
       },
       },
-      ),
     );
     );
   }
   }
 
 
   @override
   @override
   void dispose() {
   void dispose() {
-    _controller.updateScanWindow(null);
-    WidgetsBinding.instance.removeObserver(this);
-    _barcodesSubscription?.cancel();
-    _barcodesSubscription = null;
-    _controller.dispose();
     super.dispose();
     super.dispose();
+    // When this widget is unmounted, reset the scan window.
+    unawaited(widget.controller.updateScanWindow(null));
   }
   }
 }
 }

 import 'dart:async';
 import 'dart:async';
-import 'dart:io';
-// ignore: unnecessary_import
-import 'dart:typed_data';
 
 
-import 'package:flutter/foundation.dart';
-import 'package:flutter/services.dart';
+import 'package:flutter/widgets.dart';
 import 'package:mobile_scanner/src/enums/barcode_format.dart';
 import 'package:mobile_scanner/src/enums/barcode_format.dart';
 import 'package:mobile_scanner/src/enums/camera_facing.dart';
 import 'package:mobile_scanner/src/enums/camera_facing.dart';
 import 'package:mobile_scanner/src/enums/detection_speed.dart';
 import 'package:mobile_scanner/src/enums/detection_speed.dart';
 import 'package:mobile_scanner/src/enums/mobile_scanner_error_code.dart';
 import 'package:mobile_scanner/src/enums/mobile_scanner_error_code.dart';
-import 'package:mobile_scanner/src/enums/mobile_scanner_state.dart';
 import 'package:mobile_scanner/src/enums/torch_state.dart';
 import 'package:mobile_scanner/src/enums/torch_state.dart';
 import 'package:mobile_scanner/src/mobile_scanner_exception.dart';
 import 'package:mobile_scanner/src/mobile_scanner_exception.dart';
-import 'package:mobile_scanner/src/objects/barcode.dart';
+import 'package:mobile_scanner/src/mobile_scanner_platform_interface.dart';
+import 'package:mobile_scanner/src/mobile_scanner_view_attributes.dart';
 import 'package:mobile_scanner/src/objects/barcode_capture.dart';
 import 'package:mobile_scanner/src/objects/barcode_capture.dart';
-import 'package:mobile_scanner/src/objects/mobile_scanner_arguments.dart';
+import 'package:mobile_scanner/src/objects/mobile_scanner_state.dart';
+import 'package:mobile_scanner/src/objects/start_options.dart';
 
 
-/// The [MobileScannerController] holds all the logic of this plugin,
-/// where as the [MobileScanner] class is the frontend of this plugin.
-class MobileScannerController {
+/// The controller for the [MobileScanner] widget.
+class MobileScannerController extends ValueNotifier<MobileScannerState> {
+  /// Construct a new [MobileScannerController] instance.
   MobileScannerController({
   MobileScannerController({
-    this.facing = CameraFacing.back,
+    this.cameraResolution,
     this.detectionSpeed = DetectionSpeed.normal,
     this.detectionSpeed = DetectionSpeed.normal,
-    this.detectionTimeoutMs = 250,
-    this.torchEnabled = false,
-    this.formats,
+    int detectionTimeoutMs = 250,
+    this.facing = CameraFacing.back,
+    this.formats = const <BarcodeFormat>[],
     this.returnImage = false,
     this.returnImage = false,
-    @Deprecated(
-      'Instead, use the result of calling `start()` to determine if permissions were granted.',
-    )
-    this.onPermissionSet,
-    this.autoStart = true,
-    this.cameraResolution,
+    this.torchEnabled = false,
     this.useNewCameraSelector = false,
     this.useNewCameraSelector = false,
-  });
+  })  : detectionTimeoutMs =
+            detectionSpeed == DetectionSpeed.normal ? detectionTimeoutMs : 0,
+        assert(
+          detectionTimeoutMs >= 0,
+          'The detection timeout must be greater than or equal to 0.',
+        ),
+        super(MobileScannerState.uninitialized(facing));
 
 
-  /// Select which camera should be used.
+  /// The desired resolution for the camera.
   ///
   ///
-  /// Default: CameraFacing.back
-  final CameraFacing facing;
-
-  /// Enable or disable the torch (Flash) on start
+  /// When this value is provided, the camera will try to match this resolution,
+  /// or fallback to the closest available resolution.
+  /// When this is null, Android defaults to a resolution of 640x480.
   ///
   ///
-  /// Default: disabled
-  final bool torchEnabled;
-
-  /// Set to true if you want to return the image buffer with the Barcode event
+  /// Bear in mind that changing the resolution has an effect on the aspect ratio.
   ///
   ///
-  /// Only supported on iOS and Android
-  final bool returnImage;
-
-  /// If provided, the scanner will only detect those specific formats
-  final List<BarcodeFormat>? formats;
+  /// When the camera orientation changes,
+  /// the resolution will be flipped to match the new dimensions of the display.
+  ///
+  /// Currently only supported on Android.
+  final Size? cameraResolution;
 
 
-  /// Sets the speed of detections.
+  /// The detection speed for the scanner.
   ///
   ///
-  /// WARNING: DetectionSpeed.unrestricted can cause memory issues on some devices
+  /// Defaults to [DetectionSpeed.normal].
   final DetectionSpeed detectionSpeed;
   final DetectionSpeed detectionSpeed;
 
 
-  /// Sets the timeout, in milliseconds, of the scanner.
+  /// The detection timeout, in milliseconds, for the scanner.
   ///
   ///
   /// This timeout is ignored if the [detectionSpeed]
   /// This timeout is ignored if the [detectionSpeed]
   /// is not set to [DetectionSpeed.normal].
   /// is not set to [DetectionSpeed.normal].
@@ -67,439 +61,342 @@ class MobileScannerController {
   /// which prevents memory issues on older devices.
   /// which prevents memory issues on older devices.
   final int detectionTimeoutMs;
   final int detectionTimeoutMs;
 
 
-  /// Automatically start the mobileScanner on initialization.
-  final bool autoStart;
+  /// The facing direction for the camera.
+  ///
+  /// Defaults to the back-facing camera.
+  final CameraFacing facing;
 
 
-  /// The desired resolution for the camera.
+  /// The formats that the scanner should detect.
   ///
   ///
-  /// When this value is provided, the camera will try to match this resolution,
-  /// or fallback to the closest available resolution.
-  /// When this is null, Android defaults to a resolution of 640x480.
+  /// If this is empty, all supported formats are detected.
+  final List<BarcodeFormat> formats;
+
+  /// Whether scanned barcodes should contain the image
+  /// that is embedded into the barcode.
   ///
   ///
-  /// Bear in mind that changing the resolution has an effect on the aspect ratio.
+  /// If this is false, [BarcodeCapture.image] will always be null.
   ///
   ///
-  /// When the camera orientation changes,
-  /// the resolution will be flipped to match the new dimensions of the display.
+  /// Defaults to false, and is only supported on iOS and Android.
+  final bool returnImage;
+
+  /// Whether the flashlight should be turned on when the camera is started.
   ///
   ///
-  /// Currently only supported on Android.
-  final Size? cameraResolution;
+  /// Defaults to false.
+  final bool torchEnabled;
 
 
-  /// Use the new resolution selector. Warning: not fully tested, may produce
-  /// unwanted/zoomed images.
+  /// Use the new resolution selector.
+  ///
+  /// This feature is experimental and not fully tested yet.
+  /// Use caution when using this flag,
+  /// as the new resolution selector may produce unwanted or zoomed images.
   ///
   ///
-  /// Only supported on Android
+  /// Only supported on Android.
   final bool useNewCameraSelector;
   final bool useNewCameraSelector;
 
 
-  /// Sets the barcode stream
+  /// The internal barcode controller, that listens for detected barcodes.
   final StreamController<BarcodeCapture> _barcodesController =
   final StreamController<BarcodeCapture> _barcodesController =
       StreamController.broadcast();
       StreamController.broadcast();
 
 
+  /// Get the stream of scanned barcodes.
   Stream<BarcodeCapture> get barcodes => _barcodesController.stream;
   Stream<BarcodeCapture> get barcodes => _barcodesController.stream;
 
 
-  static const MethodChannel _methodChannel =
-      MethodChannel('dev.steenbakker.mobile_scanner/scanner/method');
-  static const EventChannel _eventChannel =
-      EventChannel('dev.steenbakker.mobile_scanner/scanner/event');
+  StreamSubscription<BarcodeCapture?>? _barcodesSubscription;
+  StreamSubscription<TorchState>? _torchStateSubscription;
+  StreamSubscription<double>? _zoomScaleSubscription;
 
 
-  @Deprecated(
-    'Instead, use the result of calling `start()` to determine if permissions were granted.',
-  )
-  Function(bool permissionGranted)? onPermissionSet;
+  bool _isDisposed = false;
 
 
-  /// Listen to events from the platform specific code
-  StreamSubscription? events;
+  void _disposeListeners() {
+    _barcodesSubscription?.cancel();
+    _torchStateSubscription?.cancel();
+    _zoomScaleSubscription?.cancel();
 
 
-  /// A notifier that provides several arguments about the MobileScanner
-  final ValueNotifier<MobileScannerArguments?> startArguments =
-      ValueNotifier(null);
-
-  /// A notifier that provides the state of the Torch (Flash)
-  final ValueNotifier<TorchState> torchState = ValueNotifier(TorchState.off);
+    _barcodesSubscription = null;
+    _torchStateSubscription = null;
+    _zoomScaleSubscription = null;
+  }
 
 
-  /// A notifier that provides the state of which camera is being used
-  late final ValueNotifier<CameraFacing> cameraFacingState =
-      ValueNotifier(facing);
+  void _setupListeners() {
+    _barcodesSubscription = MobileScannerPlatform.instance.barcodesStream
+        .listen((BarcodeCapture? barcode) {
+      if (_barcodesController.isClosed || barcode == null) {
+        return;
+      }
 
 
-  /// A notifier that provides zoomScale.
-  final ValueNotifier<double> zoomScaleState = ValueNotifier(0.0);
+      _barcodesController.add(barcode);
+    });
 
 
-  bool isStarting = false;
+    _torchStateSubscription = MobileScannerPlatform.instance.torchStateStream
+        .listen((TorchState torchState) {
+      if (_isDisposed) {
+        return;
+      }
 
 
-  /// A notifier that provides availability of the Torch (Flash)
-  final ValueNotifier<bool?> hasTorchState = ValueNotifier(false);
+      value = value.copyWith(torchState: torchState);
+    });
 
 
-  /// Returns whether the device has a torch.
-  ///
-  /// Throws an error if the controller is not initialized.
-  bool get hasTorch {
-    final hasTorch = hasTorchState.value;
-    if (hasTorch == null) {
-      throw const MobileScannerException(
-        errorCode: MobileScannerErrorCode.controllerUninitialized,
-      );
+    _zoomScaleSubscription = MobileScannerPlatform.instance.zoomScaleStateStream
+        .listen((double zoomScale) {
+      if (_isDisposed) {
+        return;
       }
       }
 
 
-    return hasTorch;
+      value = value.copyWith(zoomScale: zoomScale);
+    });
   }
   }
 
 
-  /// Set the starting arguments for the camera
-  Map<String, dynamic> _argumentsToMap({CameraFacing? cameraFacingOverride}) {
-    final Map<String, dynamic> arguments = {};
-
-    cameraFacingState.value = cameraFacingOverride ?? facing;
-    arguments['facing'] = cameraFacingState.value.rawValue;
-    arguments['torch'] = torchEnabled;
-    arguments['speed'] = detectionSpeed.rawValue;
-    arguments['timeout'] = detectionTimeoutMs;
-    arguments['returnImage'] = returnImage;
-    arguments['useNewCameraSelector'] = useNewCameraSelector;
-
-    /*    if (scanWindow != null) {
-      arguments['scanWindow'] = [
-        scanWindow!.left,
-        scanWindow!.top,
-        scanWindow!.right,
-        scanWindow!.bottom,
-      ];
-    } */
-
-    if (formats != null) {
-      if (kIsWeb || Platform.isIOS || Platform.isMacOS || Platform.isAndroid) {
-        arguments['formats'] = formats!.map((e) => e.rawValue).toList();
-      }
+  void _throwIfNotInitialized() {
+    if (!value.isInitialized) {
+      throw const MobileScannerException(
+        errorCode: MobileScannerErrorCode.controllerUninitialized,
+        errorDetails: MobileScannerErrorDetails(
+          message: 'The MobileScannerController has not been initialized.',
+        ),
+      );
     }
     }
 
 
-    if (cameraResolution != null) {
-      arguments['cameraResolution'] = <int>[
-        cameraResolution!.width.toInt(),
-        cameraResolution!.height.toInt(),
-      ];
+    if (_isDisposed) {
+      throw const MobileScannerException(
+        errorCode: MobileScannerErrorCode.controllerDisposed,
+        errorDetails: MobileScannerErrorDetails(
+          message:
+              'The MobileScannerController was used after it has been disposed.',
+        ),
+      );
     }
     }
-
-    return arguments;
   }
   }
 
 
-  /// Start scanning for barcodes.
-  /// Upon calling this method, the necessary camera permission will be requested.
+  /// Analyze an image file.
+  ///
+  /// The [path] points to a file on the device.
   ///
   ///
-  /// Returns an instance of [MobileScannerArguments]
-  /// when the scanner was successfully started.
-  /// Returns null if the scanner is currently starting.
+  /// This is only supported on Android and iOS.
   ///
   ///
-  /// Throws a [MobileScannerException] if starting the scanner failed.
-  Future<MobileScannerArguments?> start({
-    CameraFacing? cameraFacingOverride,
-  }) async {
-    if (isStarting) {
-      debugPrint("Called start() while starting.");
-      return null;
+  /// Returns the [BarcodeCapture] that was found in the image.
+  Future<BarcodeCapture?> analyzeImage(String path) {
+    return MobileScannerPlatform.instance.analyzeImage(path);
   }
   }
 
 
-    events ??= _eventChannel
-        .receiveBroadcastStream()
-        .listen((data) => _handleEvent(data as Map));
+  /// Build a camera preview widget.
+  Widget buildCameraView() {
+    _throwIfNotInitialized();
 
 
-    isStarting = true;
+    return MobileScannerPlatform.instance.buildCameraView();
+  }
 
 
-    // Check authorization status
-    if (!kIsWeb) {
-      final MobileScannerState state;
+  /// Reset the zoom scale of the camera.
+  ///
+  /// Does nothing if the camera is not running.
+  Future<void> resetZoomScale() async {
+    _throwIfNotInitialized();
 
 
-      try {
-        state = MobileScannerState.fromRawValue(
-          await _methodChannel.invokeMethod('state') as int? ?? 0,
-        );
-      } on PlatformException catch (error) {
-        isStarting = false;
+    if (!value.isRunning) {
+      return;
+    }
 
 
-        throw MobileScannerException(
-          errorCode: MobileScannerErrorCode.genericError,
-          errorDetails: MobileScannerErrorDetails(
-            code: error.code,
-            details: error.details as Object?,
-            message: error.message,
-          ),
-        );
+    // When the platform has updated the zoom scale,
+    // it will send an update through the zoom scale state event stream.
+    await MobileScannerPlatform.instance.resetZoomScale();
   }
   }
 
 
-      switch (state) {
-        // Android does not have an undetermined permission state.
-        // So if the permission state is denied, just request it now.
-        case MobileScannerState.undetermined:
-        case MobileScannerState.denied:
-          try {
-            final bool granted =
-                await _methodChannel.invokeMethod('request') as bool? ?? false;
+  /// Set the zoom scale of the camera.
+  ///
+  /// The [zoomScale] must be between 0.0 and 1.0 (both inclusive).
+  ///
+  /// If the [zoomScale] is out of range,
+  /// it is adjusted to fit within the allowed range.
+  ///
+  /// Does nothing if the camera is not running.
+  Future<void> setZoomScale(double zoomScale) async {
+    _throwIfNotInitialized();
 
 
-            if (!granted) {
-              isStarting = false;
-              throw const MobileScannerException(
-                errorCode: MobileScannerErrorCode.permissionDenied,
-              );
-            }
-          } on PlatformException catch (error) {
-            isStarting = false;
-            throw MobileScannerException(
-              errorCode: MobileScannerErrorCode.genericError,
-              errorDetails: MobileScannerErrorDetails(
-                code: error.code,
-                details: error.details as Object?,
-                message: error.message,
-              ),
-            );
+    if (!value.isRunning) {
+      return;
     }
     }
 
 
-        case MobileScannerState.authorized:
-          break;
-      }
-    }
+    final double clampedZoomScale = zoomScale.clamp(0.0, 1.0);
 
 
-    // Start the camera with arguments
-    Map<String, dynamic>? startResult = {};
-    try {
-      startResult = await _methodChannel.invokeMapMethod<String, dynamic>(
-        'start',
-        _argumentsToMap(cameraFacingOverride: cameraFacingOverride),
-      );
-    } on PlatformException catch (error) {
-      MobileScannerErrorCode errorCode = MobileScannerErrorCode.genericError;
-
-      final String? errorMessage = error.message;
-
-      if (kIsWeb) {
-        if (errorMessage == null) {
-          errorCode = MobileScannerErrorCode.genericError;
-        } else if (errorMessage.contains('NotFoundError') ||
-            errorMessage.contains('NotSupportedError')) {
-          errorCode = MobileScannerErrorCode.unsupported;
-        } else if (errorMessage.contains('NotAllowedError')) {
-          errorCode = MobileScannerErrorCode.permissionDenied;
-        } else {
-          errorCode = MobileScannerErrorCode.genericError;
+    // Update the zoom scale state to the new state.
+    // When the platform has updated the zoom scale,
+    // it will send an update through the zoom scale state event stream.
+    await MobileScannerPlatform.instance.setZoomScale(clampedZoomScale);
   }
   }
-      }
-
-      isStarting = false;
 
 
-      throw MobileScannerException(
-        errorCode: errorCode,
+  /// Start scanning for barcodes.
+  /// Upon calling this method, the necessary camera permission will be requested.
+  ///
+  /// The [cameraDirection] can be used to specify the camera direction.
+  /// If this is null, this defaults to the [facing] value.
+  ///
+  /// Does nothing if the camera is already running.
+  Future<void> start({CameraFacing? cameraDirection}) async {
+    if (_isDisposed) {
+      throw const MobileScannerException(
+        errorCode: MobileScannerErrorCode.controllerDisposed,
         errorDetails: MobileScannerErrorDetails(
         errorDetails: MobileScannerErrorDetails(
-          code: error.code,
-          details: error.details as Object?,
-          message: error.message,
+          message:
+              'The MobileScannerController was used after it has been disposed.',
         ),
         ),
       );
       );
     }
     }
 
 
-    if (startResult == null) {
-      isStarting = false;
-      throw const MobileScannerException(
-        errorCode: MobileScannerErrorCode.genericError,
-      );
+    // Do nothing if the camera is already running.
+    if (value.isRunning) {
+      return;
     }
     }
 
 
-    final hasTorch = startResult['torchable'] as bool? ?? false;
-    hasTorchState.value = hasTorch;
+    final CameraFacing effectiveDirection = cameraDirection ?? facing;
 
 
-    final Size size;
-
-    if (kIsWeb) {
-      size = Size(
-        startResult['videoWidth'] as double? ?? 0,
-        startResult['videoHeight'] as double? ?? 0,
+    final StartOptions options = StartOptions(
+      cameraDirection: effectiveDirection,
+      cameraResolution: cameraResolution,
+      detectionSpeed: detectionSpeed,
+      detectionTimeoutMs: detectionTimeoutMs,
+      formats: formats,
+      returnImage: returnImage,
+      torchEnabled: torchEnabled,
     );
     );
-    } else {
-      final Map<Object?, Object?>? sizeInfo =
-          startResult['size'] as Map<Object?, Object?>?;
 
 
-      size = Size(
-        sizeInfo?['width'] as double? ?? 0,
-        sizeInfo?['height'] as double? ?? 0,
+    try {
+      _setupListeners();
+
+      final MobileScannerViewAttributes viewAttributes =
+          await MobileScannerPlatform.instance.start(
+        options,
       );
       );
-    }
 
 
-    isStarting = false;
-    return startArguments.value = MobileScannerArguments(
-      numberOfCameras: startResult['numberOfCameras'] as int?,
-      size: size,
-      hasTorch: hasTorch,
-      textureId: kIsWeb ? null : startResult['textureId'] as int?,
-      webId: kIsWeb ? startResult['ViewID'] as String? : null,
+      value = value.copyWith(
+        availableCameras: viewAttributes.numberOfCameras,
+        cameraDirection: effectiveDirection,
+        isInitialized: true,
+        isRunning: true,
+        size: viewAttributes.size,
+        // If the device has a flashlight, let the platform update the torch state.
+        // If it does not have one, provide the unavailable state directly.
+        torchState: viewAttributes.hasTorch ? null : TorchState.unavailable,
+      );
+    } on MobileScannerException catch (error) {
+      // The initialization finished with an error.
+      // To avoid stale values, reset the output size,
+      // torch state and zoom scale to the defaults.
+      if (!_isDisposed) {
+        value = value.copyWith(
+          cameraDirection: facing,
+          isInitialized: true,
+          isRunning: false,
+          error: error,
+          size: Size.zero,
+          torchState: TorchState.unavailable,
+          zoomScale: 1.0,
         );
         );
       }
       }
+    } on PermissionRequestPendingException catch (_) {
+      // If a permission request was already pending, do nothing.
+    }
+  }
 
 
-  /// Stops the camera, but does not dispose this controller.
+  /// Stop the camera.
+  ///
+  /// After calling this method, the camera can be restarted using [start].
+  ///
+  /// Does nothing if the camera is already stopped.
   Future<void> stop() async {
   Future<void> stop() async {
-    await _methodChannel.invokeMethod('stop');
+    // Do nothing if not initialized or already stopped.
+    // On the web, the permission popup triggers a lifecycle change from resumed to inactive,
+    // due to the permission popup gaining focus.
+    // This would 'stop' the camera while it is not ready yet.
+    if (!value.isInitialized || !value.isRunning || _isDisposed) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    _disposeListeners();
 
 
     // After the camera stopped, set the torch state to off,
     // After the camera stopped, set the torch state to off,
     // as the torch state callback is never called when the camera is stopped.
     // as the torch state callback is never called when the camera is stopped.
-    torchState.value = TorchState.off;
+    value = value.copyWith(
+      isRunning: false,
+      torchState: TorchState.off,
+    );
+
+    await MobileScannerPlatform.instance.stop();
   }
   }
 
 
-  /// Switches the torch on or off.
-  ///
-  /// Does nothing if the device has no torch.
+  /// Switch between the front and back camera.
   ///
   ///
-  /// Throws if the controller was not initialized.
-  Future<void> toggleTorch() async {
-    final hasTorch = hasTorchState.value;
+  /// Does nothing if the device has less than 2 cameras.
+  Future<void> switchCamera() async {
+    _throwIfNotInitialized();
 
 
-    if (hasTorch == null) {
-      throw const MobileScannerException(
-        errorCode: MobileScannerErrorCode.controllerUninitialized,
-      );
-    }
+    final int? availableCameras = value.availableCameras;
 
 
-    if (!hasTorch) {
+    // Do nothing if the amount of cameras is less than 2 cameras.
+    // If the the current platform does not provide the amount of cameras,
+    // continue anyway.
+    if (availableCameras != null && availableCameras < 2) {
       return;
       return;
     }
     }
 
 
-    final TorchState newState =
-        torchState.value == TorchState.off ? TorchState.on : TorchState.off;
+    await stop();
 
 
-    await _methodChannel.invokeMethod('torch', newState.rawValue);
-  }
+    final CameraFacing cameraDirection = value.cameraDirection;
 
 
-  /// Changes the state of the camera (front or back).
-  ///
-  /// Does nothing if the device has no front camera.
-  Future<void> switchCamera() async {
-    await _methodChannel.invokeMethod('stop');
-    final CameraFacing facingToUse =
-        cameraFacingState.value == CameraFacing.back
-            ? CameraFacing.front
-            : CameraFacing.back;
-    await start(cameraFacingOverride: facingToUse);
+    await start(
+      cameraDirection: cameraDirection == CameraFacing.front
+          ? CameraFacing.back
+          : CameraFacing.front,
+    );
   }
   }
 
 
-  /// Handles a local image file.
-  /// Returns true if a barcode or QR code is found.
-  /// Returns false if nothing is found.
+  /// Switches the flashlight on or off.
   ///
   ///
-  /// [path] The path of the image on the devices
-  Future<bool> analyzeImage(String path) async {
-    events ??= _eventChannel
-        .receiveBroadcastStream()
-        .listen((data) => _handleEvent(data as Map));
-
-    return _methodChannel
-        .invokeMethod<bool>('analyzeImage', path)
-        .then<bool>((bool? value) => value ?? false);
-  }
+  /// Does nothing if the device has no torch,
+  /// or if the camera is not running.
+  Future<void> toggleTorch() async {
+    _throwIfNotInitialized();
 
 
-  /// Set the zoomScale of the camera.
-  ///
-  /// [zoomScale] must be within 0.0 and 1.0, where 1.0 is the max zoom, and 0.0
-  /// is zoomed out.
-  Future<void> setZoomScale(double zoomScale) async {
-    if (zoomScale < 0 || zoomScale > 1) {
-      throw const MobileScannerException(
-        errorCode: MobileScannerErrorCode.genericError,
-        errorDetails: MobileScannerErrorDetails(
-          message: 'The zoomScale must be between 0 and 1.',
-        ),
-      );
+    if (!value.isRunning) {
+      return;
     }
     }
-    await _methodChannel.invokeMethod('setScale', zoomScale);
+
+    final TorchState torchState = value.torchState;
+
+    if (torchState == TorchState.unavailable) {
+      return;
     }
     }
 
 
-  /// Reset the zoomScale of the camera to use standard scale 1x.
-  Future<void> resetZoomScale() async {
-    await _methodChannel.invokeMethod('resetScale');
+    final TorchState newState =
+        torchState == TorchState.off ? TorchState.on : TorchState.off;
+
+    // Update the torch state to the new state.
+    // When the platform has updated the torch state,
+    // it will send an update through the torch state event stream.
+    await MobileScannerPlatform.instance.setTorchState(newState);
   }
   }
 
 
-  /// Disposes the MobileScannerController and closes all listeners.
+  /// Update the scan window with the given [window] rectangle.
   ///
   ///
-  /// If you call this, you cannot use this controller object anymore.
-  void dispose() {
-    stop();
-    events?.cancel();
-    _barcodesController.close();
+  /// If [window] is null, the scan window will be reset to the full camera preview.
+  Future<void> updateScanWindow(Rect? window) async {
+    if (_isDisposed || !value.isInitialized) {
+      return;
     }
     }
 
 
-  /// Handles a returning event from the platform side
-  void _handleEvent(Map event) {
-    final name = event['name'];
-    final data = event['data'];
-
-    switch (name) {
-      case 'torchState':
-        final state = TorchState.values[data as int? ?? 0];
-        torchState.value = state;
-      case 'zoomScaleState':
-        zoomScaleState.value = data as double? ?? 0.0;
-      case 'barcode':
-        if (data == null) return;
-        final parsed = (data as List)
-            .map((value) => Barcode.fromNative(value as Map))
-            .toList();
-        _barcodesController.add(
-          BarcodeCapture(
-            raw: data,
-            barcodes: parsed,
-            image: event['image'] as Uint8List?,
-            width: event['width'] as double?,
-            height: event['height'] as double?,
-          ),
-        );
-      case 'barcodeMac':
-        _barcodesController.add(
-          BarcodeCapture(
-            raw: data,
-            barcodes: [
-              Barcode(
-                rawValue: (data as Map)['payload'] as String?,
-                format: BarcodeFormat.fromRawValue(
-                  data['symbology'] as int? ?? -1,
-                ),
-              ),
-            ],
-          ),
-        );
-      case 'barcodeWeb':
-        final barcode = data as Map?;
-        final corners = barcode?['corners'] as List<Object?>? ?? <Object?>[];
-
-        _barcodesController.add(
-          BarcodeCapture(
-            raw: data,
-            barcodes: [
-              if (barcode != null)
-                Barcode(
-                  rawValue: barcode['rawValue'] as String?,
-                  rawBytes: barcode['rawBytes'] as Uint8List?,
-                  format: BarcodeFormat.fromRawValue(
-                    barcode['format'] as int? ?? -1,
-                  ),
-                  corners: List.unmodifiable(
-                    corners.cast<Map<Object?, Object?>>().map(
-                      (Map<Object?, Object?> e) {
-                        return Offset(e['x']! as double, e['y']! as double);
-                      },
-                    ),
-                  ),
-                ),
-            ],
-          ),
-        );
-      case 'error':
-        throw MobileScannerException(
-          errorCode: MobileScannerErrorCode.genericError,
-          errorDetails: MobileScannerErrorDetails(message: data as String?),
-        );
-      default:
-        throw UnimplementedError(name as String?);
-    }
+    await MobileScannerPlatform.instance.updateScanWindow(window);
   }
   }
 
 
-  /// updates the native ScanWindow
-  Future<void> updateScanWindow(Rect? window) async {
-    List? data;
-    if (window != null) {
-      data = [window.left, window.top, window.right, window.bottom];
+  /// Dispose the controller.
+  ///
+  /// Once the controller is disposed, it cannot be used anymore.
+  @override
+  Future<void> dispose() async {
+    if (_isDisposed) {
+      return;
     }
     }
 
 
-    await _methodChannel.invokeMethod('updateScanWindow', {'rect': data});
+    _isDisposed = true;
+    unawaited(_barcodesController.close());
+    super.dispose();
+
+    await MobileScannerPlatform.instance.dispose();
   }
   }
 }
 }

@@ -39,3 +39,10 @@ class MobileScannerErrorDetails {
   /// The error message from the [PlatformException].
   /// The error message from the [PlatformException].
   final String? message;
   final String? message;
 }
 }
+
+/// This class represents an exception that is thrown
+/// when the scanner was (re)started while a permission request was pending.
+///
+/// This exception type is only used internally,
+/// and is not part of the public API.
+class PermissionRequestPendingException implements Exception {}

+import 'package:flutter/widgets.dart';
+import 'package:mobile_scanner/src/enums/torch_state.dart';
+import 'package:mobile_scanner/src/method_channel/mobile_scanner_method_channel.dart';
+import 'package:mobile_scanner/src/mobile_scanner_view_attributes.dart';
+import 'package:mobile_scanner/src/objects/barcode_capture.dart';
+import 'package:mobile_scanner/src/objects/start_options.dart';
+import 'package:plugin_platform_interface/plugin_platform_interface.dart';
+
+/// The platform interface for the `mobile_scanner` plugin.
+abstract class MobileScannerPlatform extends PlatformInterface {
+  /// Constructs a MobileScannerPlatform.
+  MobileScannerPlatform() : super(token: _token);
+
+  static final Object _token = Object();
+
+  static MobileScannerPlatform _instance = MethodChannelMobileScanner();
+
+  /// The default instance of [MobileScannerPlatform] to use.
+  ///
+  /// Defaults to [MethodChannelMobileScanner].
+  static MobileScannerPlatform get instance => _instance;
+
+  /// Platform-specific implementations should set this with their own
+  /// platform-specific class that extends [MobileScannerPlatform] when
+  /// they register themselves.
+  static set instance(MobileScannerPlatform instance) {
+    PlatformInterface.verifyToken(instance, _token);
+    _instance = instance;
+  }
+
+  /// Get the stream of barcode captures.
+  Stream<BarcodeCapture?> get barcodesStream {
+    throw UnimplementedError('barcodesStream has not been implemented.');
+  }
+
+  /// Get the stream of torch state changes.
+  Stream<TorchState> get torchStateStream {
+    throw UnimplementedError('torchStateStream has not been implemented.');
+  }
+
+  /// Get the stream of zoom scale changes.
+  Stream<double> get zoomScaleStateStream {
+    throw UnimplementedError('zoomScaleStateStream has not been implemented.');
+  }
+
+  /// Analyze a local image file for barcodes.
+  ///
+  /// The [path] is the path to the file on disk.
+  ///
+  /// Returns the barcodes that were found in the image.
+  Future<BarcodeCapture?> analyzeImage(String path) {
+    throw UnimplementedError('analyzeImage() has not been implemented.');
+  }
+
+  /// Build the camera view for the barcode scanner.
+  Widget buildCameraView() {
+    throw UnimplementedError('buildCameraView() has not been implemented.');
+  }
+
+  /// Reset the zoom scale, so that the camera is fully zoomed out.
+  Future<void> resetZoomScale() {
+    throw UnimplementedError('resetZoomScale() has not been implemented.');
+  }
+
+  /// Set the source url for the barcode library.
+  ///
+  /// This is only supported on the web.
+  void setBarcodeLibraryScriptUrl(String scriptUrl) {}
+
+  /// Set the torch state of the active camera.
+  Future<void> setTorchState(TorchState torchState) {
+    throw UnimplementedError('setTorchState() has not been implemented.');
+  }
+
+  /// Set the zoom scale of the camera.
+  ///
+  /// The [zoomScale] must be between `0.0` and `1.0` (both inclusive).
+  /// A value of `0.0` indicates that the camera is fully zoomed out,
+  /// while `1.0` indicates that the camera is fully zoomed in.
+  Future<void> setZoomScale(double zoomScale) {
+    throw UnimplementedError('setZoomScale() has not been implemented.');
+  }
+
+  /// Start the barcode scanner and prepare a scanner view.
+  ///
+  /// Upon calling this method, the necessary camera permission will be requested.
+  ///
+  /// The given [StartOptions.cameraDirection] is used as the direction for the camera that needs to be set up.
+  Future<MobileScannerViewAttributes> start(StartOptions startOptions) {
+    throw UnimplementedError('start() has not been implemented.');
+  }
+
+  /// Stop the camera.
+  Future<void> stop() {
+    throw UnimplementedError('stop() has not been implemented.');
+  }
+
+  /// Update the scan window to the given [window] rectangle.
+  ///
+  /// Any barcodes that do not intersect with the given [window] will be ignored.
+  ///
+  /// If [window] is `null`, the scan window will be reset to the full screen.
+  Future<void> updateScanWindow(Rect? window) {
+    throw UnimplementedError('updateScanWindow() has not been implemented.');
+  }
+
+  /// Dispose of this [MobileScannerPlatform] instance.
+  Future<void> dispose() {
+    throw UnimplementedError('dispose() has not been implemented.');
+  }
+}

+import 'dart:ui';
+
+/// This class defines the attributes for the mobile scanner view.
+class MobileScannerViewAttributes {
+  const MobileScannerViewAttributes({
+    required this.hasTorch,
+    this.numberOfCameras,
+    required this.size,
+  });
+
+  /// Whether the current active camera has a torch.
+  final bool hasTorch;
+
+  /// The number of available cameras.
+  final int? numberOfCameras;
+
+  /// The size of the camera output.
+  final Size size;
+}

@@ -147,7 +147,9 @@ class Barcode {
   /// The SMS message that is embedded in the barcode.
   /// The SMS message that is embedded in the barcode.
   final SMS? sms;
   final SMS? sms;
 
 
-  /// The type of the [format] of the barcode.
+  /// The contextual type of the [format] of the barcode.
+  ///
+  /// For example: TYPE_TEXT, TYPE_PRODUCT, TYPE_URL, etc.
   ///
   ///
   /// For types that are recognized,
   /// For types that are recognized,
   /// but could not be parsed correctly, [BarcodeType.text] will be returned.
   /// but could not be parsed correctly, [BarcodeType.text] will be returned.

@@ -6,38 +6,25 @@ import 'package:mobile_scanner/src/objects/barcode.dart';
 /// This class represents a scanned barcode.
 /// This class represents a scanned barcode.
 class BarcodeCapture {
 class BarcodeCapture {
   /// Create a new [BarcodeCapture] instance.
   /// Create a new [BarcodeCapture] instance.
-  BarcodeCapture({
+  const BarcodeCapture({
     this.barcodes = const <Barcode>[],
     this.barcodes = const <Barcode>[],
-    double? height,
     this.image,
     this.image,
     this.raw,
     this.raw,
-    double? width,
-  }) : size =
-            width == null && height == null ? Size.zero : Size(width!, height!);
+    this.size = Size.zero,
+  });
 
 
   /// The list of scanned barcodes.
   /// The list of scanned barcodes.
   final List<Barcode> barcodes;
   final List<Barcode> barcodes;
 
 
   /// The bytes of the image that is embedded in the barcode.
   /// The bytes of the image that is embedded in the barcode.
   ///
   ///
-  /// This null if [MobileScannerController.returnImage] is false.
+  /// This null if [MobileScannerController.returnImage] is false,
+  /// or if there is no available image.
   final Uint8List? image;
   final Uint8List? image;
 
 
   /// The raw data of the scanned barcode.
   /// The raw data of the scanned barcode.
-  final dynamic raw; // TODO: this should be `Object?` instead of dynamic
+  final Object? raw;
 
 
   /// The size of the scanned barcode.
   /// The size of the scanned barcode.
   final Size size;
   final Size size;
-
-  /// The width of the scanned barcode.
-  ///
-  /// Prefer using `size.width` instead,
-  /// as this getter will be removed in the future.
-  double get width => size.width;
-
-  /// The height of the scanned barcode.
-  ///
-  /// Prefer using `size.height` instead,
-  /// as this getter will be removed in the future.
-  double get height => size.height;
 }
 }

-import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
-
-/// The start arguments of the scanner.
-class MobileScannerArguments {
-  /// The output size of the camera.
-  /// This value can be used to draw a box in the image.
-  final Size size;
-
-  /// A bool which is true if the device has a torch.
-  final bool hasTorch;
-
-  /// The texture id of the capture used internally.
-  final int? textureId;
-
-  /// The texture id of the capture used internally if device is web.
-  final String? webId;
-
-  /// Indicates how many cameras are available.
-  ///
-  /// Currently only supported on Android.
-  final int? numberOfCameras;
-
-  MobileScannerArguments({
-    required this.size,
-    required this.hasTorch,
-    this.textureId,
-    this.webId,
-    this.numberOfCameras,
-  });
-}

+import 'dart:ui';
+
+import 'package:mobile_scanner/src/enums/camera_facing.dart';
+import 'package:mobile_scanner/src/enums/torch_state.dart';
+import 'package:mobile_scanner/src/mobile_scanner_exception.dart';
+
+/// This class represents the current state of a [MobileScannerController].
+class MobileScannerState {
+  /// Create a new [MobileScannerState] instance.
+  const MobileScannerState({
+    required this.availableCameras,
+    required this.cameraDirection,
+    required this.isInitialized,
+    required this.isRunning,
+    required this.size,
+    required this.torchState,
+    required this.zoomScale,
+    this.error,
+  });
+
+  /// Create a new [MobileScannerState] instance that is uninitialized.
+  const MobileScannerState.uninitialized(CameraFacing facing)
+      : this(
+          availableCameras: null,
+          cameraDirection: facing,
+          isInitialized: false,
+          isRunning: false,
+          size: Size.zero,
+          torchState: TorchState.unavailable,
+          zoomScale: 1.0,
+        );
+
+  /// The number of available cameras.
+  ///
+  /// This is null if the number of cameras is unknown.
+  final int? availableCameras;
+
+  /// The facing direction of the camera.
+  final CameraFacing cameraDirection;
+
+  /// The error that occurred while setting up or using the canera.
+  final MobileScannerException? error;
+
+  /// Whether the mobile scanner has initialized successfully.
+  ///
+  /// This is `true` if the camera is ready to be used.
+  final bool isInitialized;
+
+  /// Whether the mobile scanner is currently running.
+  ///
+  /// This is `true` if the camera is active.
+  final bool isRunning;
+
+  /// The size of the camera output.
+  final Size size;
+
+  /// The current state of the flashlight of the camera.
+  final TorchState torchState;
+
+  /// The current zoom scale of the camera.
+  final double zoomScale;
+
+  /// Create a copy of this state with the given parameters.
+  MobileScannerState copyWith({
+    int? availableCameras,
+    CameraFacing? cameraDirection,
+    MobileScannerException? error,
+    bool? isInitialized,
+    bool? isRunning,
+    Size? size,
+    TorchState? torchState,
+    double? zoomScale,
+  }) {
+    return MobileScannerState(
+      availableCameras: availableCameras ?? this.availableCameras,
+      cameraDirection: cameraDirection ?? this.cameraDirection,
+      error: error,
+      isInitialized: isInitialized ?? this.isInitialized,
+      isRunning: isRunning ?? this.isRunning,
+      size: size ?? this.size,
+      torchState: torchState ?? this.torchState,
+      zoomScale: zoomScale ?? this.zoomScale,
+    );
+  }
+}

+import 'dart:ui';
+
+import 'package:mobile_scanner/src/enums/barcode_format.dart';
+import 'package:mobile_scanner/src/enums/camera_facing.dart';
+import 'package:mobile_scanner/src/enums/detection_speed.dart';
+
+/// This class defines the different start options for the mobile scanner.
+class StartOptions {
+  const StartOptions({
+    required this.cameraDirection,
+    required this.cameraResolution,
+    required this.detectionSpeed,
+    required this.detectionTimeoutMs,
+    required this.formats,
+    required this.returnImage,
+    required this.torchEnabled,
+  });
+
+  /// The direction for the camera.
+  final CameraFacing cameraDirection;
+
+  /// The desired camera resolution for the scanner.
+  final Size? cameraResolution;
+
+  /// The detection speed for the scanner.
+  final DetectionSpeed detectionSpeed;
+
+  /// The detection timeout for the scanner, in milliseconds.
+  final int detectionTimeoutMs;
+
+  /// The barcode formats to detect.
+  final List<BarcodeFormat> formats;
+
+  /// Whether the detected barcodes should provide their image data.
+  final bool returnImage;
+
+  /// Whether the torch should be turned on when the scanner starts.
+  final bool torchEnabled;
+
+  Map<String, Object?> toMap() {
+    return <String, Object?>{
+      if (cameraResolution != null)
+        'cameraResolution': <int>[
+          cameraResolution!.width.toInt(),
+          cameraResolution!.height.toInt(),
+        ],
+      'facing': cameraDirection.rawValue,
+      if (formats.isNotEmpty)
+        'formats': formats.map((f) => f.rawValue).toList(),
+      'returnImage': returnImage,
+      'speed': detectionSpeed.rawValue,
+      'timeout': detectionTimeoutMs,
+      'torch': torchEnabled,
+    };
+  }
+}